Lecture 9 (13)

Question 1

What the the two types of domestication?

Answer 1

Direct

Indirect

Question 2

What is direct domestication?

Answer 2

Direct selection for certain characteristics

• milk yield
• wool quality
• back fat in pigs
• low levels of aggression in dogs/cats
• physical appearance

Question 3

What is indirect domestication?

Answer 3

• feeding scraps to dogs - selects for ability to cope with human food
• selected traits may correlate with changed nutritional requirements/preferences
• human- altered environment, farms/zoos/houses might not have the same ancestral food

Question 4

How do we determine the animals nutritional preferences?

Answer 4

Ask the animal…
Give the choice between food to determine its “intake target”
And restrict the animal to foods that don’t allow it to reach its intake target to determine its “rules of compromise”

Question 5

What is rule of compromise?

Answer 5

Consumption when restricted to imbalances foods

Question 6

How do you determine an animals intake target?

Answer 6

Choice test between nutritionally complementary foods and it’s choice is its intake target

Question 7

What are the trade offs in diets for domesticated species?

Answer 7

Cost
Ease of feeding
Consideration of environmental impacts
Animal health and welfare

Question 8

How are the diets for domestication decided?

Answer 8

Not maximising fitness

Pets/zoo animal - maximise health and welfare

Production animals - maximise profit

Question 9

What is a domestic cats intake target for PCF

Answer 9

52% P
32% F
12% C

Question 10

What is a domestic dogs intake target

Answer 10

30% P
63% F
7% C

Question 11

What are the consideration of production animals diet?

Answer 11

Price of food
Growth rate
Reproduction 
Quality of product (meat, milk etc)
Welfare of animal
Health of animal
Environment

Question 12

What can geometric framework be used for?

Answer 12

Understand the nutritional requirements of all animals- not just lab models