Lecture 8: impacts and adaption

Question 1

extreme events

Answer 1

more days of warmer nights

more heat waves

more heavy precipitation and frequency

Question 2

ocean warming

Answer 2

after industrial revolution

acidification- upper ocean 0-700m warmed from 1971 onwards

Question 3

cryosphere

Answer 3

ice essentially getting everywhere- last two decades- greenland and antartica sheets- losing mass- glaciers shrink

Question 4

sea level

Answer 4

isostatic rebound

sea level rising
1901-2010- 0.19

due to glacier mass loss and ocean thermal expansion- 75%

Question 5

impacts on relative sea level rise

Answer 5

increased food damage

dryland- due to erosion and submergence

saltwater intrusion

Question 6

violent conflict

Answer 6

indirect driver

evidence contested

violent conflict increases- vulnerability to climate change

Question 7

climate change adaption

Answer 7

process of adjustment

t o actual or expected climate and its affects

examples- national adaption programme- transboundary river basin agreements

Question 8

many types of adaption

Answer 8

autonomous planned

private or public

anticipatory or reactive

all companies energy engineers local councils think about adaption

Question 9

vunerabiltiy

Answer 9

exposure - degree of climate stress on a unit of analysis

sensitivity- degree to which a system will respond to a change in climate positively or negatively

adaptive capacity- ability of a system to adjust and adapt to actual or expected climate stresses- related to wealth- skill- technology

vulnerability- f (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity)- multidimensional

Question 10

limits to adaption

Answer 10

social and cultural limits

limits in ecosystem

mobility of species

intolerable risks

Question 11

Reading- thomas and twyman 2005

Answer 11

look at sheet