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Parasitology > Lecture 8: Flea Infestations > Flashcards

Lecture 8: Flea Infestations Flashcards

1
Q

Siphonaptera are

A

Fleas

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2
Q

Fleas (siphonaptera): morphology, mouthparts, level of host specificity

A

Wingless, laterally flattened
Females larger than males
Piercing sucking mouthparts
Obligate ectoparasites of mammals and birds
Not very host specific —> preferred hosts

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3
Q

Fleas: life cycle (what kind of metamorphosis)

A

Eggs laid in host nest
Holometabolous/complete metamorphosis —> 3 larval instars, pupae in cocoons
2-4 weeks for 1 generation

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4
Q

Fleas: transmission

A

Contact with infested hosts and fomites

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5
Q

Fleas degree of attachment to host: 4 groups/types

A

Nidicolous = live in host’s nest and visit host only to feed
Primarily live on host’s body
Sticktight = mated females use mouthparts to permanently attach to host
Chigoe = mated females embedded within host’s skin

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6
Q

Fleas most commonly associated with what 2 species

A

Cats
Dogs

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7
Q

Diagnosis of fleas: detection of (3)

A

Adults on host
Adults or larvae from bedding debris
Flea feces = place on wet paper towel and ID red spots

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8
Q

Tanoxomic ID of fleas

A

70% ethanol

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9
Q

Treatment of host: fleas (4)

A

Adulticides
Insect growth regulators to disrupt development
Combo of 2 above
Physical removal from host

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10
Q

Fipronil, selamectin, pyrethrins are examples of what kind of flea treatment

A

Adulticides

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11
Q

Methoprene, luferunon are examples of what kind of flea treatment

A

Insect growth regulators

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12
Q

Environmental control of fleas: indoors

A

Vacuum infested areas
Wash bedding
Apply Adulticides and insect growth regulators

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13
Q

Environmental control of fleas: outdoors

A

Trim trees, shrubs and grass
Insecticides in shaded microhabitats
Collect/destroy infested bedding or poultry litter

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14
Q

Echidnophaga gallinacea: generic name, species affected, where found, predilection, can cause, treatment

A

Sticktight flea
Southeastern US, tropics
Poultry, wild birds
Non feathered skin on head, comb, watttles
Blindness
Physically remove, topical pyrethrin (Adulticide)

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15
Q

Ceratophyllus species (2)

A

C. Niger
C. Galinae

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16
Q

What kind of attachment method do Ceratophyllus species use

A

Nidicolous

17
Q

Ceratophyllus niger: generic name, where found, who it bites

A

Western chicken flea
Western North America
Humans

18
Q

Ceratophyllus gallinae: generic name, where found

A

European chicken flea
Northern US

19
Q

Where most fleas are found on dogs and cats (3)

A

Tailhead
Neck
Flanks

20
Q

Ctenocephalides species: morphology, 2 species affected

A

Genal and pronotal combs
Dogs and cats

21
Q

2 species of ctenocephalides

A

Ctenocephalides felis
Ctenocephalides canis

22
Q

Ctenocephalides felis: generic name, important for transmission of (2)

A

Cat flea
Bubonic plague, tapeworm diphylidium Caninum

23
Q

What is the most common flea of dogs and cats

A

Ctenocephalides felis (Cat flea)

24
Q

Echidnophaga gallinacea affects what species (3)

A

Dogs
Cats
Poultry

25
Q

Pulex species: what kind of attachment to host, vectors for what

A

Nidicolous
Bubonic plague

26
Q

2 pulex species

A

Pulex irritans
Pulex simulans

27
Q

Pulex irritans: generic name

A

Human flea

28
Q

Pulex simulans: 3 species affected

A

Wild mammals, rodents, opossums

29
Q

Ctenocephalides felis: species affected, how transmitted

A

Domestic rabbits, rodents, ferrets
Infested dogs and cats

30
Q

Common flea species that infest domestic rabbits (3)

A

Spilopsyllus cuniculi
Cediopsylla simplex
Echidnophaga gallinacea

31
Q

Can you treat flea infestations on rabbits with fipronil

A

NO

32
Q

What kind of attachment do S. Cuniculi and C. Simplex use

A

Nidicolous

33
Q

2 flea species that infest wild rodents

A

Xenopsylla cheopis
Nosopsyllus fasciatus

34
Q

X. Cheopis and N. Fasciatus: type of attachment to host

A

Nidicolous

35
Q

What disease is transmitted by X. Cheopis and N. Fasciatus

A

Bubonic plague

36
Q

What flea species infests goats, sheep, cattle and equids

A

Ctenocephalides felis

37
Q

What 4 flea species affect ungulates (swine, goats, sheep, cattle, equids)

A

Ctenocephalides felis
Pulex species
Echidonphaga gallinacea
Tunga species

38
Q

Tunga species: generic name, where found, lesions cause what

A

Chigoes
Tropical Latin America and Africa
Affect gait, mastitis and agalactia

Parasitology (10 decks)

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