Lecture 10: Mite Infestations Flashcards
main difference between mites and ticks
mites are microscopic
ticks macroscopic
adults and nymphs have how many legs
8
larvae have how many legs
6
mites: life cycle
egg –> prelarva (non feeding) –> larvae –> nymph –> adult
3 mite orders
parasitiformes/mesostigmata
sarcoptiformes/astigmata
trombidiformes/prostigmata
which mite order includes blood feeders
parasitiformes/mesostigmata
palps definition
sensory mouthparts
chelicerae: mesostigmata vs astigmata
mesostigmata = piercing/sucking mouthparts
astigmata = claw like feeding mouthparts
mesostigmata and astigmata: morphology in common (5)
oval shape, dorsoventrally flattened body
8 legs
tarsus at end of leg
palps
chelicerae
chelae definition
scissor like structures
what kind of feeders are mesostimata
blood feeders
mesostigmata: unique feature
chelae on ends
2 stigma
asigmata: unique features
setae = elongate hairs (sensory)
tubercules and copulatory suckers in males
prostigmata have how many legs
4 pairs of legs
prostigmata: 2 main species
demodex
eutrombicula
demodex: generic name, 2 main anatomical components
follicle mite
gnathosoma = head
idiosoma = body
eutrombicula: generic name
chiggers
mite infestation can result in (5)
dermatitis
allergic reactions
loss of blood/body fluids
otitis externa
transmission of pathogens to humans
diagnosis of mite infestations (3)
clinical signs = mange/dermatitis, allergic reactions, tissue trauma
direct visualization –> microscopic exam
taxonomic ID
how to prevent mite infestations (3)
clip hair/clean ears
medicated shampoos
regularly clean fomites
main treatment for mite infestations
acaricides (ivermectin, fipronil, permethrin)
mites: symptomatic treatment for (2)
pruritis
secondary bacterial infections
larvae vs nymphs vs adults: number of legs
larvae = 6 leggs
nymphs = 8 legs
adults = 8 legs
how many nymphal stages do all mites have
2-3
3 nymphal stages
protonymph
deutonymph
tritonymph
do all life cycle stages feed
no
general life cycle steps
eggs –> larvae –> protonymph –> deutonymph –> tritonymph –> adults
how are mites primarily transmitted
direct contact
how do mites of vet importance infest animals (3)
feed externally on host
reside/feed subcutaneously
reside/feed in internal tissues
external mites that are blood feeders (2)
ornithonyssus suylvarium
dermanyssus gallinae
ornithonyssus sylvarium: generic name, hosts, where does life cycle take place
northern fowl mite
poultry and wild birds
entire cycle on host
dermanyssus gallinae: generic name, hosts
red poultry mite
wild and domestic birds
external mites that are piercing tissue feeders (1 species)
eutrombicula alfreddugsei
eutrombicula alfreddugsei: general name, which form is parasitic, which forms/stages are free living, clinical signs
common chigger
many hosts
orange crusting dermatosis
intense pruritis, erythema, papules
only larval form is parasitic
nymphs and adults free living
external mites that reside/feed on surface ( 6 species)
psoroptes ovis
chorioptes bovis
psorobia ovis
psorobia bos
cheyletierlla species
lynxacarus radovskyi
pseroptes ovis: generic name, hosts, where life cycle is spent
scab mite
sheep, cattle, horses
entire life cycle on host
chorioptes bovis: generic name, hosts (5), where life cycle is spent
chorioptic mange mite
cattle, horses, sheep, goats, rabbits
entire cycle on host
psorobia ovis: generic name, host, where life cycle spent
sheep itch mite
sheep
entire life cycle on host
psorobia bos: generic name, host, where life cycle spent
cattle itch mite
cattle
entire cycle on host
cheyletiella species: generic name/aka, hosts = 3 different species, how transmitted
fur mites/walking dandruff
dogs = C. yasguri
cats = C. blakei
rabbits = C. parasitivorax
very contagious through direct contact
lynxcarus radovskyi: generic name, host
cat fur mite
cat
mite that resides in hair follicle
demodex species
demodex: hosts, where life cycle spent, where burrows
host specific, most domestic mammals
entire life cycle on host
hair follicles and sebaceous glands
3 mites that burrow into skin
sarcoptes scabiei
notoedres cati
knemidocoptes mutans
sarcoptes scabiei: generic name, hosts, where life cycle spent
sarcoptic mange mites
most domestic animals
entire life cycle on host
notoedres cati: generic name, host
cats
feline scabies mite
knemidocoptes mutans: generic name, hosts
scaly leg mite
chickens, turkeys, wild birds
mites that reside internally (4 species)
otodectes cynotis
raillietia auris
pneumonyssoides caninum
sternostoma tracheacolum
otodectes cynotis: generic name, hosts
ear mite
cats and dogs
raillietia auris: generic name, host
cattle ear mite
cattle
pneumonyssoides caninum: host, generic name
canine ear mite
dogs
sternostoma tracheacolum: generic name, hosts
avian nasal mite
wild and domestic birds
environmental mite species
pyemotes tritici
pyemotes tritici: generic name, where found
hay itch mites
straw, grain, hay
which mite is also called walking dandruff
cheyletiella
5 main types of mange
otodectic
sarcoptic
walking dandrugg
notoedric
demodectic
