Lecture 8 Flashcards
What is the point of photsyntheis?
To fix Carbon by reducing it
How do you know if something is oxidized or reduced?
Something is more oxidized if it has more Oxygens
What is the point of Light Reactions?
Use energy carried by light and convert it into ATP and NADPH to power the Calvin Cycle
What are the components of chloroplasts?
Stroma, Thylakoid Lumen, Thylakoid Membrane, Inner ad Outer Membranes of Chloroplast
What happens in the Stroma?
The Calvin Cycle
What happens in the Thylakoid Membrane?
The Light Reactions
What happens in photosystem II?
Light energy provides energy for photolysis and an electron is excited from water, Oxygen is waste
What is Photolysis?
The splitting of water
What is an Electron Transport Chain? When does it take place?
A series of redox reactions that slowly release energy to be converted into an H+ gradient. It takes place between Photosystems II and I
What happens in photosystem I?
The electron is re-excited by light and reduces NADP+ into NADPH
What is photophosphorylation?
Light energy creates a H+ gradient which powers ATP synthase to produce ATP
What is ATP synthase made of? Where is it?
F1 headpiece and F0 Stalk, it is in the Thylakoid membrane and goes from lumen to the stroma
What is NADPH?
It carries electrons from the light reactions to the Calvin Cycle
What is the point of the Calvin Cycle?
To fix carbon, i.e. convert inorganic carbon to organic carbon
What are the steps of the Calvin Cycle?
- Carbon Fixation 2. Reduction 3. Regeneration
What does rubisco do to CO2?
Rubisco takes RuBP which has 5C, and adds the C from CO2 to it. This produces a 6C unstable intermediate
What does the 6C unstable intermediate do?
It dissociates into two 3C compounds
What happens to the 3 carbon compounds?
ATP and NADPH provide energy to the 3C compounds, one exits the cycle
What happens after a 3C compound leaves the cycle?
The 3C left behind has ATP added to it and goes on to become RuBP (5C) which continues the cycle
How many times does the Calvin Cycle spin for 1 G3P?
3
What is the Net Inputs of the Calvin Cycle?
3 CO2, 6 NADPH, 9 ATP. This is to produce 1 G3P
How does the cell generate more ATP than NADPH?
The cyclic electron cycle make an electron go through the ETC but instead of the excited electron going to NADP+ it goes back through the ETC. This is done until there is enough ATP, and is regulated by amount of ADP
