Lecture 8

Question 1

How the bacteria cope to environmental factors

Answer 1

Change the conditions

Change the cell

Question 2

Extreme halophiles

Answer 2

Require salt concentrations of 2M to 6.2M

Question 3

Halotolerant

Answer 3

Can grow under elevated salt conditions but do not require

Question 4

Halophiles

Answer 4

Grow optimally at >0.2 M

Question 5

Extreme halophiles

Answer 5

Require >2 M

Question 6

Aerobic respiration

Answer 6

uses oxygen as terminal electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Question 7

Fermentation and anaerobic respiration

Answer 7

do not use oxygen as terminal electron acceptor

Question 8

Aerobe

Answer 8

Grows in presence of atmospheric oxygen (O2) which is 20% O2

Question 9

Obligate aerobe

Answer 9

Requires O2

Question 10

Anaerobe

Answer 10

Grows in the absence of O2

Question 11

Obligate anaerobe

Answer 11

Requires the absence of O2

Question 12

Microaerophiles

Answer 12

Requires 2–10% O2

Question 13

Facultative anaerobes

Answer 13

If necessary can grow without O2

Question 14

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Answer 14

Grow equally well with or without O2

Question 15

Barotolerant

Answer 15

Adversely affected by increased pressure

Question 16

Barophilic

Answer 16

Require or grow more rapidly in the presence of increased pressure

Question 17

Ionizing radiation

Answer 17

Disrupts chemical structure of many molecules, including DNA

Question 18

Carotenoid pigments

Answer 18

To protect themselves many bacteria produce

Question 19

biofilms

Answer 19

Microbes can grow free floating in liquid and Can also grow attached to surfaces

Question 20

Biofilms

Answer 20

Consist of bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances.

They are not uniform

Question 21

quorum sensing

Answer 21

Bacterial cells in/out of biofilms communicate in a density-dependent manner