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Microbiology Final Exam > Lecture 14 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Major targets for antibiotics

A
  1. Cell Wall
  2. Protein Synthesis
  3. DNA/RNA replication
  4. Tetrahydrofolic acid biosynthesis
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2
Q

Genome

A

All of the DNA present in a cell or virus

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3
Q

Genotype

A

Specific set of genes an organism possesses

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4
Q

Phenotype

A

Collection of observable characteristics

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5
Q

Nucleoside

A

Nitrogenase base & 5 carbon sugar

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6
Q

Nucleotide

A

Nucleoside-phosphate

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7
Q

DNA Structure

A

Antiparallel strands
3’ OH group
5’ phosphate group

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8
Q

DNA in most Bacteria

A

circular

Bidirectional replication

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9
Q

DNA polymerase

A

Synthesizes complementary strand of DNA

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10
Q

Helicases

A

Unwind DNA strands

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11
Q

Single stranded binding proteins (SSB)

A

Keep strands apart for replication to occur

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12
Q

Okazaki fragments

A

lagging strand is synthesized in short discontinuous fragments

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13
Q

DNA polymerase I

A

removes and replaces RNA primer with DNA

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14
Q

DNA ligase

A

a bond between 3’-hydroxyl of the growing strand and the 5’-phosphate of an Okazaki fragment

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15
Q

DNA ligase

A

a bond between 3’-hydroxyl of the growing strand and the 5’-phosphate of an Okazaki fragment

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16
Q

Proofreading

A

Removal of mismatched base from 3’ end of growing strand by exonuclease activity of enzyme

17
Q

Protein-Coding Genes

A 
Coding strand (top strand)
Template strand/noncoding strand (bottom strand)
18
Q

Shine-Dalgarno

A

sequence important for initiation of translation

19
Q

Transcription in Bacteria

A

There are no introns/exons in bacterial genes

20
Q

Codon

A

DNA code - 3 base pairs long

21
Q

Start codon

A

Start site for translation

Microbiology Final Exam (9 decks)

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