Lecture 7- Language Acquisition Flashcards
What is Fast Mapping (Carey,1978)
Ability to quickly link a novel name to a novel object, typically by applying known information
Word learning is the product of
- What the child is seeing now
- What the child just did
- The child’s developmental history
Examples of word learning now
- It’s easier to point to something than to say a new word
- It’s harder to chase a known object in an unfamiliar colour
- It’s easier to choose the correct object if nothing else was named
Examples of word learning, recent past
- It’s harder to learn words from books with more illustrations
- It’s easier to remember object names if you were exposed to several examples from the category
- It’s harder to do if the experimenter changes
Children who heard the same words across the same story did
Better than children across different stories
Do children learn words better from nap time stories
Yes
Canonical babbling is
A string of adult like constant-vowel sequences
Onset of canonical babbling predicts
Onset of first words
Children who begin babbling later have
Smaller productive vocabularies relative to their peers
When do children have a vocabulary explosion
Between 18-20 months
Children start speaking their first sentence at around
24 months
Children begin showing signs of syntax with
“Telegraphic speech”
- Simple sentences
- Usually two words
- No function words
Late talkers usually learn
3-5 words per week
Late talkers are children in the botttom
15th percentile for language
At 24 months late talker say
Fewer than 50 words and/or do not combine words
How many per reception class have clinically significant language
2
Weaker language skills put children at risk of
- Poorer social abilities
- Self regulation
- Victimisation
- Poor self esteem
What is overextension
Extend a known word to something beyond current vocabulary
When does overextension typically occur
12-30 months old
What are the three types of over extensions
- Categorical (taxonomy)
- Analogical (perception)
- Predict-based (co-occurrence)
What is syntax
How words go together in sentences
What is morphology
How to change words to change meaning
Regularisation occurs because
It is the most common/abstract pattern
