Lecture 7 - Hematuria

Question 1

what is total hematuria and what could it be caused by?

Answer 1

blood throughout urination

systemic disease or renal, bladder, coagulopathy

Question 2

what is terminal hematuria? and what is it usually caused by?

Answer 2

blood at the END of urination only

usually bladder

Question 3

what is initial hematuria and what is it usually caused by?

Answer 3

can be initiated hematuria or dissassociated from urination. distal to bladder

usually urethra, vagina, penis/prepuce, prostate

Question 4

when collecting urine should you go for free catch or cysto?

Answer 4

start with free catch that way if there is hematuria, you will know that you did not cause it.

Question 5

what could cause hematuria WITHOUT dysuria

Answer 5

1. renal neoplasia
2. trauma
3. heat stroke
4. coagulopathy

Question 6

what could cause hematuria WITH dysuria

Answer 6

1. cystitis
2. urolithiasis
3. prostatitis
4. benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 7

causes of macroscopic hematuria/pigmenturia:

Answer 7

1. LUTI - bladder, urethra, prostate, vagina, prepuce, penis
2. UUTI - kidneys & ureters though its super rare for ureters to cause macroscopic hematuria
3. systemic dz
4. other pigment