Lecture 7

Question 1

short arm

Answer 1

p arm

Question 2

long arm

Answer 2

q arm

Question 3

DNA molecule with its attendant proteins that behaves as an independent unit during mitosis and meiosis

Answer 3

chromosome

Question 4

segment of DNA encoding a functional RNA or protein product

Answer 4

gene

Question 5

the chromosomal locus that regulates the movements of the chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. It is defined by specific DNA sequences and the proteins that bind them.

Answer 5

centromere

Question 6

DNA + proteins that package it in a cell

Answer 6

chromatin

Question 7

A DNA molecule with its attendant proteins that move as an independent unit during mitosis and meiosis

Answer 7

Chromosome

Question 8

The centromeric subunit that bind microtubules and directs chromosome movement during mitosis

Answer 8

kinetochore

Question 9

specialized structure at either end of the chromosomal DNA molecule that ensures replication of the DNA ends and protects the ends

repeat sequences at the end of DNA

Answer 9

telomere’s

Question 10

9q22

Answer 10

chromosome 9 long arm #22

Question 11

4 components of chromosomes

Answer 11

DNA, centromere, two telomeres, an origin of DNA replication

Question 12

– clustered in discrete areas such as centromeres

Answer 12

satellite DNA

Question 13

sequences throughout the genome, “jumping genes”

Answer 13

transposable elements

Question 14

move through DNA intermediate, found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Answer 14

transposon

Question 15

move through RNA intermediate, found in viruses

Answer 15

retrotransposon

Question 16

cause mutations

Answer 16

LINE and SINE elements

Question 17

on the surface of the centromere, that functions to direct chromosome movement in mitosis

Answer 17

kinetochore

Question 18

What are telomeres composed of?

Answer 18

repeating sequences of TTAGGG

Question 19

DNA replication of telomeres

Answer 19

1. Overhanging 3’ end has telomerase added.
2. Telomerase add’s more complementary bases and it detaches
3. polymerase and primase fully synthesize
4. removal of the RNA primer

Question 20

proteins compose of telomeres

Answer 20

proteins:

TRF1
TRF2
POT1
TPP1
RAP1

Question 21

genomic DNA sequences similar to normal genes but non-functional; they are regarded as defunct relatives of functional genes.

Answer 21

pseudogene