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SP2017 Anatomy Exam#2 > Lecture 7- Eye and Orbit > Flashcards

Lecture 7- Eye and Orbit Flashcards

1
Q

The… is the membrane lining inner eyelid

A

palpebral conjunctive

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2
Q

The… is the membrane lining surface of eye

A

bulbar conjunctiva

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3
Q

The… is the potential space between the palpebral and bulbar conjuntiva

A

conjunctival sac

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4
Q

The… are the conjunctival reflections from eyelid to eye

A

fornices

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5
Q

Orbicularis oculi is innervated by…

A

CNVII

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6
Q

Deep to orbicularis oclui is dense connective tissue which is known as the… which is an extension of the…

A
  • orbital septum

- periosteum

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7
Q

Dense connective tissue that offer support the eyelids are the… and…

A

superior tarsus and inferior tarsus

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8
Q

2 types of glands of the eyelids

A

tarsal and ciliary glands

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9
Q

The tendon of… inserts onto superior tarsus

A

levator palpebrae superioris muscle

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10
Q

The… attaches to the zygomatic bone and the… attaches to the maxilla bone and these both provide an anchor for the superior and inferior tarsus

A

lateral palpebral ligament

medial palpebral ligament

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11
Q

Lacrimal gland innervation: preganglionic parasympathetic fibers come from the… nerve which is a branch from facial (CNVII) and it travels with … through the pterygoid canal. After the canal it synapses at the…

A
  • greater petrosal
  • deep petrosal n.
  • pterygopalatine ganglion
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12
Q

After greater petrosal synpases at the pterygopalatine ganglion, the postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers hitch a ride on… , … , and finally on … to the lacrimal gland

A
  • Maxillary (V2)
  • Zygomatic n.
  • Lacrimal n. (branch of V1)

The sympathetic fibers follow this same path but DO NOT synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion

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13
Q

For the head where are the presynaptic sympathetic neurons are located in…

A

T1

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14
Q

Presynaptic Sympathetic fibers synapse where?

A

superior cervical ganglion

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15
Q

The postsynaptic sympathetic fibers (after superior cervical ganglion) are going to travel in the… up into skull and then branch off as the … nerve

A
  • carotid plexus

- deep petrosal

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16
Q

The nerve of the pterygoid canal carries… from greater petrosal nerve and carries … from deep petrosal nerve

A
  • preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

- postsynaptic sympathetic fibers

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17
Q

What transmits through the optic canal?

A

CNII and opthalmic artery (branch of ICA)

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18
Q

What transmits through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, V1, VI and opthalmic vv.

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19
Q

What transmits through the Supraorbital notch/foramen?

A

Supraorbital n. (branch of V1) and artery

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20
Q

What transmits through the Inferior orbital fissure?

A

Infraorbital nerve and Zygomatic nerve (branch of V1) and artery

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21
Q

What transmits through the Infraorbital foramen?

A

Infraorbital n. (branch of V2) and artery

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22
Q

What transmits through the anterior ethmoidal foramen?

A

Anterior ethmoidal nerve (branch of V1) and artery

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23
Q

What transmits through the posterior ethmoidal foramen?

A

Posterior ethmoidal nerve (branch of V1) and artery

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24
Q

The outer layer of the eye is called the… tunic

A

fibrous

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25
Q

The outer layer of the eye is avascular and it has 2 main anatomical parts, the outer portion is the… which is dense connective tissue and muscle insert onto it.

A

sclera

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26
Q

The anterior portion of the outer layer of the eye is called the… which is the transparent anterior feature

A

Cornea

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27
Q

The main portion of the middle layer of the eye is called the… which is a thin layer of ciliary aa. and vorticose vv.

A

choroid

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28
Q

The middle eye contains the… which is a smooth muscle around lens for accomodation

A

ciliary body

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29
Q

The middle eye contains the… which is the colored smooth muscle behind cornea which controls pupil size

A

Iris

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30
Q

The middle eye contains the… which is the adjustable aperture through which light enters

A

pupil

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31
Q

The spincter pupillae is under… innervation and it is organized in a .. shape and will … the amount of light coming in

A
  • parasympathetic
  • circular
  • decrease
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32
Q

The dilator pupillae is under … innervation and is organized …. and will … the amount of light coming in

A
  • -sympathetic
  • radially
  • increase
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33
Q

The sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae are under… and… control

A

autonomic and emotional

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34
Q

The sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae (which are associated with the middle eye) are under… and… control

A

autonomic and emotional

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35
Q

The… contains the ciliary arteries and the vorticose veins

A

choroid

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36
Q

The vorticose vv. of the eye drain into …

A

opthalmic v.

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37
Q

The… is the main feature of the inner eye and is the neural layer of eye which recieves light rays

A

Retina

38
Q

The… is a feature of the inner eye which is an oval region of retina for visual acuity (yellow in color thus only visible with red-free light)

A

Macula lutea

cones only

39
Q

The … is an inner eye feature and is the most acute vision site at center of macula

A

Fovea centralis

40
Q

The… is a part of the inner eye and is the region where CNII and retinal vessels enter/exit. “Blindspot”

A

Optic disc

no sensory receptors

41
Q

The… is largely responsible for refraction of light in the eye

A

cornea

42
Q

4 components of refractive media of the eye

A

cornea
lens
aqueous humor
vitreous humor

43
Q

The… focuses light rays and near or distant objects on retina

A

lens

44
Q

The… is a watery filling anterior to the lens

A

aqueous humor

45
Q

The… is gelatinous filling posterior to lens

A

vitreous humor

46
Q

4 inner eye features

A

retina
macula lutea
fovea centralis
optic disc

47
Q

4 middle eye features

A

choroid
ciliary body
iris
pupil

48
Q

4 components of the lacrimal apparatus

A

lacrimal gland
lacrimal canaliculi
lacrimal sac
nasolacrimal duct

49
Q

The… gland produces lacrimal fluid; flows inferomedially to lubricate it

A

lacrimal

50
Q

The… transports tears to lacrimal sac

A

lacrimal canaliculi

51
Q

The… drains tears to nasolacrimal duct

A

lacrimal sac

52
Q

The… duct drains tears through ..canal (under inferior nasal concha)

A

nasolacrimal

53
Q

Action of levator palpebrae superioris muscle

A

raises upper eyelid

54
Q

Action of superior rectus

A

elevates and adducts eye

55
Q

Action of inferior rectus

A

depresses and adducts eye

56
Q

Action of lateral rectus

A

abducts eye

57
Q

Action of medial rectus

A

adducts eye

58
Q

Action of superior oblique

A

depresses abd abducts eye

59
Q

Action of inferior oblique

A

elevates and abducts eye

60
Q

What CN innervates all the extraocular muscles (except lateral rectus and superior oblique)

A

CNIII

61
Q

What CN innervates lateral rectus?

A

CNVI

62
Q

What CN innervates superior oblique

A

CNIV

63
Q

Eye can be placed… to test lateral and medial rectus mm.

A

neutrally

64
Q

Eye must be… to test superior and inferior rectus mm.

A

abducted

65
Q

Eye must be… to test superior and inferior oblique

A

adducted

66
Q

… is caused by any lesion that leads to a loss of sympathetic function in the head

A

horners syndrome

67
Q

Signs for horners syndrome

A
  • partial ptosis
  • pupillary constriction
  • absence of sweating on ipsilateral side of face and neck
68
Q

2 visual fields:

A

temporal retina

nasal retina

69
Q

… vision remains ipsilateral. … vision crosses

A
  • nasal

- temporal

70
Q

… lesion results in total blindness in affected eye

A

optic nerve

71
Q

… lesion produces loss of peripheral vision

A

optic chiasm

72
Q

… lesion results in ipsilateral nasal visual field loss and contralateral temporal visual field loss

A

optic tract

73
Q

The presynaptic parasympathetic fibers from CNIII synapes at… which then sends short ciliary nn. to posterior eye to supply…

A
  • ciliary ganglion
  • ciliary m.
  • pupillary sphincter m.
74
Q

Pupillary dilator muscle recieves sympathetic innervation via … and they synapsed at…

A
  • internal carotid plexus

- superior cervical ganglion

75
Q

The 3 divisions of CNV1 in the orbit

A

Nasociliary n
Frontal n.
Lacrimal n.

76
Q

The …nerve is a branch of CNV1 in the orbit that runs more medial and gives off ethmoidal, infratrochlear n. and long ciliary nn. (sensory and symp) to posterior eye

A

-Nasociliary

77
Q

The… nerve is a branch of CNV1 in the orbit (runs on top of levator palpebrae superioris) which gives off supraorbital and supratrochclear nn.

A

Frontal

78
Q

The …. nerve is a branch of CNV1 in the orbit that runs laterally and supplies lacrimal gland and conjunctive

A

lacrimal

79
Q

The … artery gives rise to all aa. of the eye. How many?

A

opthalmic

6

80
Q

6 arteries of the eye

A
  1. posterior cilliary aa.
  2. central retinal a.
  3. ethmoidal aa.
  4. supraorbital a.
  5. supratrochlear a.
  6. lacrimal a.
81
Q

The … arteries supply outer and middle layers of eye

A

posterior ciliary aa.

82
Q

The … artery supplies inner layer of retina and is within optic nerve

A

central retinal

83
Q

The … arteries supply the anterior cranial fossa, nose and sinues

A

ethmoidal

84
Q

The… artery supplies central region of forehead

A

supraorbital

85
Q

The… artery supplies medial region of forehead

A

supratrochlear

86
Q

The… artery suppleis lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal

87
Q

The… vein drains from the upper medial orbit

A

superior opthalmic

88
Q

The … vein drains from the lower medial orbit

A

inferior opthalmic v.

89
Q

Superior and inferior opthalmic both anastomose with… and drain into …

A
  • facial vein

- cavernous sinus

90
Q

The… vein drains retina to cavernous sinus

A

central retinal

91
Q

The… vv. drain from vascular layer of eye and drains into superior and inferior opthalmic vv.

A

vorticose

SP2017 Anatomy Exam#2 (14 decks)

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