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Immunology > Lecture 7&8 cytokines/ triggers of adaptive > Flashcards

Lecture 7&8 cytokines/ triggers of adaptive Flashcards

1
Q

characteristics of cytokines

A

low molecular weight, secreted “messenger” protein

regulate intensity and duration of innate/adaptive immune response

activity is receptor mediated

cytokine receptor is needed in order for cytokine to act on cell

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2
Q

3 types of cytokine activity

A

autocrine
paracrine
endocrine

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3
Q

define autocrine

A

act on the cell that produced it

IL-12

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4
Q

define paracrine

A

act on another cell nearby

IL-12

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5
Q

define endocrine

A

act at a distant location

IL3

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6
Q

pathway that trigger cytokine release:
antigen

A

antigen–> TCR (t-cell receptor on t-cells)–> specific immune response

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7
Q

pathway that trigger cytokine release:
PAMPs

A

PAMPs–> TLR–>IL-1, TNF alpha, IL-6 (pro-inflammatory cytokines)

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8
Q

pathway that trigger cytokine release:
antibodies

A

antibodies–> FcR–> IL-1, TNF alpha

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9
Q

cytokines that mediate and regulate innate immunity:
IL-12

A

produced by antigen presenting cells
activate NK cells to be more efficient killers
induce IFN-gamma production
stimulate differentiation of Th1 cells

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10
Q

characteristics of type 1 interferons

A

IFN alpa and IFN beta
part of innate immunity
produced by virally-infected nucleated cells
make other cells resistant to viral infections

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11
Q

characteristics of type 2 interferons

A

interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)
role in both innate and adaptive immunity
produced by NK cells and activated Th1
antiviral
activated macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells
promotes Th1 development
inhibits Th2 development
promotes B-cell to produce IgG
upregulated MHC expression on APCs

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12
Q

cytokines that mediate and regulate adaptive immunity

A

-produced primarily by T lymphocytes
-elicited in response to specific antigen recognition
-regulate lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation
-enhance innate defense

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13
Q

importance of IL-2

A

regulation of lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation

lymphocyte proliferation

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14
Q

importance of IL-4

A

regulation of lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation

stimulate Th2, B cell differentiation (IgE)

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15
Q

importance of IL-13

A

regulation of lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation

B cell differentiation (IgE)

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16
Q

importance of IL-10

A

regulation of lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation

Inhibit Th1

17
Q

importance of TGF beta

A

regulation of lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation

treg cytokine, B cell differentiation (IgA)

18
Q

importance of IFN gamma

A

regulation of lymphocyte activation, growth and differentiation

enhance innate immunity

B cell differentiation (IgG)
activate macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells

19
Q

importance of TNF

A

enhance innate immunity

activate endothelial cells, neutrophils

20
Q

importance of IL-5

A

enhance innate immunity

eosinophil activation and generation

21
Q

cytokines that stimulate hematopoiesis: what do they do and how are they produced

A

regulate growth and differentiation of RBC

Produced during both innate and adaptive immune response

22
Q

list of clinically important hematopoietic cytokines

A

erythropoietin
thrombopoietin
IL-11
IL-3
IL-5
GM-CSF
G-CSF
M-CSF

23
Q

function of erythropoietin

A

stimulate production and differentiation of RBC

24
Q

function of thrombopoietin and IL-11

A

stimulate platelete production

25
Q

function of IL-3

A

stimulate bone marrow production of WBCs

26
Q

function of IL-5

A

stimulate eosinophil differentiation during parasite infection/allergic response

antagonist used in esosinphilia and asthma

27
Q

function of GM-CSF

A

stimulate differentiation of neutrophil and monocytes

28
Q

function of G-CSF

A

stimulate differentiation of neutrophils

29
Q

function of M-CSF

A

stimulate differentiation of monocytes

Immunology (12 decks)

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