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PSYC3012 > Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

IPA is more critical of the idea of language as representing….

A

Reflecting reality.

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2
Q

Language as a construction yard was developed as language began to be understood as

A

Social performance

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3
Q

In language as a construction yard language is seen as:

A

Productive

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4
Q

What does productive language mean?

A

That is constructs versions of social reality and

Achieves social objectives

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5
Q

Language as a construction yard means that language is used to

A

Construct versions of things, ppl, ideas and events

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6
Q

Language as a construction yard model - words are never simply

A

Neutral reflections of reality

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7
Q

Psychology didn’t start turning to language until

A

1970s

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8
Q

Cognitivism - focus of inquiry is the study of:

A

Mental representations

The rules that control cognitive mediation

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9
Q

Psychologys turn to language was informed by 2 things:

A 
Post structuralism (lang as construction yard)
Critique of cognitivism (Lang as a mirror)
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10
Q

Structuralism is based on the assumption that all phenomena have an

A

Underlying objective structure that can be discovered if the ‘right’ methods are used. Ie universal laws & structures

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11
Q

Understanding the world is a product of

A

Understanding language

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12
Q

Our perspectives are by-products of a

A

Social interchange

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13
Q

An individuals point of view depends upon

A

Where he/she stands in relation to others

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14
Q

Our perspectives are built into systems of

A

Communication and relationships

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15
Q

A reflexive statement is acknowledging

A

Where you stand in relation to your research question, the method used, how you’ve chosen to analyse data and your relationship with your participant has affected your project

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16
Q

Post structuralist…words don’t convey

A

True representations of mental states

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17
Q

In post structuralism words have

A

Purpose

As participant have a stake

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18
Q

In post structuralism you have to take into account the ………………within which the people speak.

A

Social context

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19
Q

What are the first 2 primary assumptions of post structuralism?

A
  1. A critical stance toward the taken for granted - critical psych
  2. Historical and cultural specificity (not universal laws etc)
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20
Q

The second two assumptions of post structuralism:

A
  1. Knowledge sustained through social processes (social constructionism)
  2. Knowledge and social action go together
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21
Q

Two main version of discourse analysis:

A

DA

FDA

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22
Q

DA just relates to

A

Speech

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23
Q

the shared understandings of particular phenomena are what make up the idea of discourse in

A

FDA

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24
Q

DA is concerned with how ppl use

A

Discursive resources or strategies in order to achieve interpersonal objectives in social interaction

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25
Q

Discursive resources
Discursive strategies
rhetorical devices all mean the

A

Same thing

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26
Q

The epistemological framework of DA emphasises the

A

Performative aspects of discourse

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27
Q

In discursive psych. Discourse =

A

Talk

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28
Q

In DA they use talk/text that is

A

Naturally occurring

29
Q

Methods used to collect DA data

A

Semi or unstructured interviews

Focus groups

30
Q

DA is concerned with psychological phenomena such as

A

Memory identity and emotion

31
Q

In DA psychological phenomena are conceptualised as

A

Discursive actions (something we construct in speech) rather than cog processes

32
Q

DA is interested in 2 things:

A

References to phenomena (eg how ppl talk about identity)

Functions & consequences of references to phenomena (what happens when we talk about identity in certain ways)

33
Q

DA analysis focuses on looking at ways that participants use

A

Discursive strategies to manage their interests

34
Q

Discursive strategies are used for 3 primary reasons:

A

Build speakers credibility
Build a case
Elicit audience emotion

35
Q

4 way ppl build credibility

A

Category entitlement
Concession
Consensus
Disclaimer

36
Q

Last 2 ways of building credibility

A

Footing

Stake management

37
Q

To build a case we use some of the following

A

Active voice
Categorisation
Making evidence ‘speak for itself’

38
Q

What will ppl do to elicit emotion?

A

Repetition
Rhetorical q’s
Three-part list

39
Q

Realism as interpretive repertoire is when the participant draws on

A

Drawing on realism to guide what ppl shroud actually be doing

40
Q

Use of interpretive repertoires can lead to negotiation of power is the province of which method?

A

FDA

41
Q

What does FDA look at?

A

How lang is used to create subjectivities and power

42
Q

In FDA you are more interested in looking at what kinds of …….are constructed through discourses

A

Objects and subjects

43
Q

In FDA a discourse could be defined as

A

A local collection of knowledge (shared taken for granted assumptions about a phenomena)

44
Q

FDA is concerned with discourses and further the way on which these discourses construct…

A

Subjectivity, self hood and power relations in broader society

45
Q

A FDA research q describes and critiques the

A

Discursive worlds people inhabit

46
Q

FDA research q’s also explore the implications of

A

The discursive worlds for subjectivity and experience

47
Q

What is central to FDA?

A

Q’s of power

48
Q

4 key FDA q’s

A

What is knowledge
How did it arise
Whose interests are served by this knowledge?
Whose interests does the knowledge oppress?

49
Q

In FDA ‘speaking’ brings into being and positions the speaker as ……. And who or what is spoken about as ……..

A

Subject

Object

50
Q

Subjection positioning FDA replaces the

A

Idea of a coherent subject who exists before and across discourses

51
Q

Also central to FDA is

A

Positioning

52
Q

Discourses evoke particular

A

Expectations around behaviour and consequently influence behaviour

53
Q

An example of dominant discourse

A

Neoliberal discourse (capitalism)

54
Q

Power, right, knowledge

A

Rules set by high up ppl
Knowledge of this transmitted
Known as ‘truth’
‘Truth’ in turn reproduces power

55
Q

Discourses are NOT

A

Stable and predetermined.

56
Q

Discourses Do

A

Exist in action, conversation and therefore evolve, fragment, disappear are contested

57
Q

What text can be used for FDA

A

Pretty much anything! Esp magazines

58
Q

Analytic strategies of FDA. How’s my steps did Parker introduce?

A

20

59
Q

In a Simplified FDA analysis what is steps 1-2?

A

Select text

60
Q

Carla willing has a ….stage FDA analysis process

A

7

61
Q

Carla willing step 1.

A

Identify object and subject

62
Q

Carla willig step 2.

A

Identify all the ways the object is constructed in the txt

63
Q

Carla willig step 3.

A

Look at how the different object constructions are different.

64
Q

Carla willig step 4.

A

Action orientation. Look at context within which the different constructions of the object are being deployed.

65
Q

Carla willig step 5.

A

Examine subject positions that discourses around the object offer

66
Q

Subject positions are NOT

A

Roles (not a particular part to be acted out)

67
Q

Carla willig step 6.

A

Practice. Relationship btwn discourse and practice? Do discursive constructions open or close down action?

68
Q

Carla willig step 7.

A

Subjectivity. What are the consequences of taking up various subject positions for the individuals subjective experience?

69
Q

Language as a mirror means that

A

Language simply reflects reality

PSYC3012 (10 decks)

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