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PSYC3012 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Case studies are NOT a

A

Research method

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2
Q

Case studies use a range of

A

Research methods

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3
Q

People get confused about case studies because

A

A case study can be not just one individual but focused on a particular unit ie an organisation, or group of ppl

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4
Q

Case studies used to:

A

Generate theory

To explore something in depth

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5
Q

Idiographic perspective is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Concern with particular (idiographic) rather than identifying general laws of behaviour.
Does not generalise results

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6
Q

Idiographic means

A

Particular

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7
Q

Nomothetic means

A

General

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8
Q

Attention to contextual data is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Holistic approach…considers things like what is happening in environment. Does not aim to replicate results.

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9
Q

Triangulation is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Integrates info from diverse sources (interviews, observations) to gain understanding of the phenomena/an overall answer
- use a range of research methods

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10
Q

Temporal element is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Investigations of occurrences over time

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11
Q

A concern with theory is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Facilitate theory generation. Data generated by case studies is often interpreted within the context of GT

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12
Q

What are the methods of data collection for case studies?

A
  • semi structured interview
  • participant observation
  • diaries
  • personal and official documents
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13
Q

Methods of case study data analysis include:

A

TA (theme analysis)
GT
IPA
FDA

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14
Q

Why can’t you use DA for case study data analysis??

A

Because you aren’t working with naturally occurring speech!

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15
Q

What are the 3 different case study designs?

A
  1. Intrinsic v. Instrumental
  2. Single v. Multiple
  3. Descriptive v. Explanatory
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16
Q

Why are there 3 different types of case study design?

A

They each allow the researcher to address different research q’s

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17
Q

In Intrinsic case studies the researcher wants to know about

A

The case in particular rather than a more general problem or phenomenon

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18
Q

Intrinsic case studies are pre-specified why?

A

The intrinsic interest pre-exists the research

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19
Q

Examples of intrinsic cases studies:

A

Patients with rare diseases

Clients with unusual problems

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20
Q

Instrumental case studies are contrasting to intrinsic case studies why?

A

Because the focus of general phenomenon.

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21
Q

In instrumental case studies cases are chosen to explore

A

How a phenomenon exists within a particular case

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22
Q

Single case studies are

A

Detailed investigation of a single case

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23
Q

Single case studies have an ………interest to the researcher

A

Intrinsic

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24
Q

Single case studies provide opportunity to test applicability of existing theory to

A

Real world data

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25
Q

3 reasons to select a single case

A
  • Critical test for well formulated theory
  • unique/extreme case of intrinsic interest to researcher
  • revelatory case that may have previously been inaccessible
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26
Q

Multiple case studies are great for

A

Banding together to create new theory

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27
Q

In multiple case studies your theory is developed and refined on the basis of

A

Comparative analysis of series of cases

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28
Q

In multiple case studies your theory is ……….to account for all instances of phenomenon revealed with each new case

29
Q

Descriptive case studies provide

A

Detailed description of phenomenon within its context

30
Q

The descriptive case studies the info is collect how?

A

Without changing the environment

31
Q

The detail in descriptive case studies provides

A

New insights into and better understandings of phenomenon under investigation

32
Q

What is an example if descriptive case study?

A

Ethnographies - conducted in the field

33
Q

4 procedural issues with case studies

A
  1. Selection of cases
  2. Method of data analysis
  3. Role of theory
  4. Ethical concerns
34
Q

Advantages of case studies. 4

A
  1. Address a wide range of experiences, behaviours, phenomena
  2. Rich data
  3. High Eco validity
  4. Versatile approach
35
Q

Case study disadvantages: 1

A

Methodological triangulation (frameworks may be incompatible)

36
Q

What are the first 2 features if observational research?

A

Extent to which observation is 1. covert and 2. Standardised/systematic

37
Q

Second two features of observational research…

A
  1. Extent to which observation occurs in natural setting and
  2. How much observer takes part in activity bring observed.
38
Q

Final feature of observational research

A

Extent to which observation involves self-observation (reflexivity )

39
Q

Observational research involves watching individuals in 3 contexts.

A

Lab
Field
Participant (researcher as participant)

40
Q

In Fully structured observation data is collected

A

Using systematic manner using grid recording systems and coding systems

41
Q

Why is systematic data collection important?

A
  • reliability of material collected

- ensures coding system used reliably

42
Q

Naturalistic observation is where you investigate

A

Phenomenon of interest for a set period of time

43
Q

In naturalistic research you try to work out

A

Patterns of behaviour related to a phenomenon of interest

44
Q

Case studies are:

A

In depth (ALOT of data) and focused explorations of single cases

45
Q

What are the 4 activities central to participant observation

A
  • participation
  • documentation
  • informal interviewing
  • reflection
46
Q

3 types of notes maintained in participant observation

A
  1. Substantive notes
  2. Methodological notes
  3. Analytic notes
47
Q

Substantive notes are

A

Descriptions of settings, events, people

48
Q

Methodological notes are on the

A

Process of observation

49
Q

Analytic notes are on

A

Data analysis and theory building

50
Q

3 types if data recording

A

Note taking
Video
Coding

51
Q

2 methods of data sampling

A

Event sampling

Time sampling

52
Q

Event sampling involves looking at

A

One particular event or a behaviour

53
Q

Time sampling looks at

A

Snapshots of time. Ie 15 secs every 5mins (taking in everything that is happening)

54
Q

Narrative method is the way in which humans

A

Make sense if and order the chaos and disorder in their worlds

55
Q

Through narrative we do 3 things

A
  1. Define ourselves
  2. Establish temporal continuity to the self
  3. Distinguish ourselves from others
56
Q

A narrative is an organised interpretation of

A

A sequence of events. It’s linear ie beginning, middle, end

57
Q

Narrative stories involve 2 things

A

Attributing agency to characters

Establishing causal links between events

58
Q

Two functions of narrative are:

A

Emplotment

Creation of self identity

59
Q

Whole purpose of emplotment is to

A

Bring order to disorder into a linear plot. How we make sense of things that are disordered in our life.

60
Q

Narratives are often provisional. Why?

A

They are subject to change as new info is discovered

61
Q

Out narratives are shaped by our

A

Social contexts

62
Q

Groups also have narratives which shape

A

Group identities

63
Q

Your particular narrative you tell is going to be slightly different depending on:

A

The type of audience you have

The broader social and cultural context

64
Q

Narrative research method is

A

Unstructured interview

65
Q

Episodic interview deals with a

A

Particular disruptive event

66
Q

When going a narrative you must have the following details from the person:

A
  • Biographical info
  • Background material about central participants in the participants narrative
  • detailed log for each interview
67
Q

Descriptive read if the narrative involves you becoming

A

Familiar with structure and content
Prepare short summary (beginning, middle, end)
Identify sub-plots

68
Q

Interpretive reading of your narrative involves looking at 5 issues:

A 
Structure
Tone (emotional flavour)
Dominant themes
Context
Language

PSYC3012 (10 decks)

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