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SPEX202 > LECTURE 7 > Flashcards

LECTURE 7 Flashcards

1
Q

8 Senses

A

Sight, Hearing, Taste, Touch, Smell, Movement, Balance, Interception

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2
Q

Interception

A

Sensation of knowing what is going on in the internal organs of our body

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3
Q

Variation in human sensory capacity is influenced by…

A

Genetics, Maturation, Circadian Rhythm, Experience, Fatigue, Injury

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4
Q

Categories of human sensory receptors

A

Chemoreceptors (chemicals), Mechanoreceptors (movement), Nociceptor (pain), Photoreceptor (light), Thermoreceptor (temperature), Phonoreceptor (sound)

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5
Q

STEP ONE OF SENSATION

A

Reception - ability of receptor to absorb energy of a stimulus

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6
Q

STEP TWO OF SENSATION

A

Transduction - conversion of stimulus energy into a membrane potential, a change in permeability of a post-synaptic membrane, transfers into a certain action potential.

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7
Q

STEP THREE OF SENSATION

A

Transmission - receptor potentials transmitted via AP’s to CNS

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8
Q

STEP FOUR OF SENSATION

A

Integration - CNS processing of frequency of receptor potentials

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9
Q

What is sensation coded as

A

Frequency of neurons firing

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10
Q

Accomodation of a stimulus occurs because…

A

A decrease in responsiveness by receptors due to continual stimulation

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11
Q

A uniformly maintained stimulus of constant intensity is pereived as what over time?

A

Progressively WEAKER over time (eg. when you put your clothes on in the morning you can feel them but this feeling dulls down throughout the day)

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12
Q

Variable intensity stimulus of shorter durations is perceived as what over time?

A

Perceived as progressively stronger over time

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13
Q

Sensation

A

Detecting the information

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14
Q

Perception

A

Understanding the information detected

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15
Q

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

A
  • Integration of sensory information
  • Provides meaning to our perceptions
  • Topographically organised (sensory map)
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16
Q

Lesions of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex

A

Defective localisation, Loss of proprioception, Tactile Agnosia

17
Q

Tactile Agnosia

A

Trouble identifying an object by touch alone

18
Q

Why cant we tickle ourselves

A

Brain anticipates touch and turns down the sensitivity threshold

19
Q

Three main types of receptors

A

Interoceptors, Proprioceptors, Exteroceptors

20
Q

Interoceptors

A

States of our internal organs

21
Q

Proprioceptors

A

Information about our own movements (Kinesthesis) - muscle receptors, joint receptors, cutaneous receptors, vestibular system

22
Q

Exteroceptors

A

Information about the movement of objects in the environment

23
Q

Proprioception

A

Sensation and perception of the position and movement of limbs, head and trunk

24
Q

What are spindles parallel to

A

Muscle Fibres

25
Q

When do spindles fire

A

When the muscle is stretched

26
Q

What are Type II spindles sensitive to

A

Length

27
Q

What are Type Ia spindles sensitive to

A

Velocity

28
Q

When do Golgi Tendon Organs fire

A

When the muscle contracts

29
Q

Where are Golgi Tendon Organs found

A

Within tendons

30
Q

What are joint receptors

A

Sensory endings in the joint that provide information of the joint angle

31
Q

What are cutaneous receptors

A

Receptors in the skin

32
Q

What do mechanoreceptors measure

A

Measure deformation of skin eg. information about tough, pressure, displacement

33
Q

Surgical Deafferentiation

A

Afferent pathways surgically severed/removed

34
Q

‘Signals Balance’ - proprioception

A

Information about the position and movement of head

35
Q

‘Location’ - proprioception

A

Middle inner ear deep within the temporal bone

36
Q

How are sensors triggered - proprioception

A

By linear and angular acceleration of the head

SPEX202 (14 decks)

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