Lecture 7

Question 1

… is a political system charaterzied by a controlling government. there is a rejection of democracy, human rights and political plurality. this is done trough political repression.

Answer 1

Authoritarian

Question 2

times there were authoritarian regimes

Answer 2

1. Alexander the Great conquering Greece
2. Ceasar and August turning Rome into an empire
3. When kings had Devine rights of in the Middle Ages
4. absolute monarcarcy after the 1400’s
5. Cromwell’s military dictatorship
6. Robespierre revulutionay dictatorship

Question 3

different forms of Authoritarianism (depends on where the power lies)

Answer 3

1. Personalistic dictator ship > power lies with a single individual
2. single party rule > power lies with the part
3. Military regimes > military has power
4. Monarchies > royal family has power

Question 4

Authoritarianism is defined by common traits:

Answer 4

1. repression of political dissent
2. Elections as show of support for the regime
3. political parties are the channels of control . there is no competition
4. arbitrary application of the rule of law
5. freedom of speech is limited or non existent

Question 5

the main concern of authoritarianism is to maintain … this is done trough repression.

Answer 5

obedience

Question 6

… is about the political sphere. Controlling the politics there is some individual freedom but no political freedom.

Answer 6

Authoritarianism

Question 7

there are … in authoritarianism. But the political rule is imposed on society. It is not about selecting leaders but maintaining control. Your vote is chosen for you you do not have an actual choice in this.

Answer 7

election

Question 8

in an authoritarian regime the leader is not accountable to society. they are accountable for … this is a group that sustain the regime and whose support the leaders need to maintain to keep their powers

ex: military, rich people

Answer 8

selectorate

Question 9

How do authoritarian leaders maintain their power

Answer 9

1. trough repression and fear
2. by providing resources

Question 10

what is a hybrid regime

Answer 10

An hybrid regime has both the features of a democracy and authoritarian regime. Where they ly on the range depends how they deal with topics.

Question 11

signs id democratic backsliding:

Answer 11

1. Electoral justification for undemocratic mover. ex: in Hungary the executive power was increased after the electoral victory > this had be explained by them for it to make ‘‘sense’’
2. undermining judicial independence. ex: in Poland there are laws put in place to lessen the constitutional tribunal
3. attacking the media. EX: in Hungary outlets that were critical of the government were shut off.
4. Eroding civil society. ex: in Hungary NGOS are required to register as foreign funded group. they also closed down the Central European university