Lecture 7-14

Question 1

Globalization

Answer 1

the process of increasing interconnectedness of people, products, ideas and places and the multidirectional flows

Question 2

2 flows of globalization

Answer 2

structures (barriers/facilitators) and people

Question 3

Modernization Theory

Answer 3

global inequality is the result of dynamics internal to European societies
Economic: social formations and market exchange (Durkheim’s mechanical vs organic solidarity)
Cultural: (Weber and protestantism)

Question 4

Development

Answer 4

A project primality conceded with the economic development of specific nation states not regarded as sufficiently developed

Question 5

World systems theory

Answer 5

source of inequality: position of the global capitalism system

Question 6

Imperialism

Answer 6

methods employed by one nation state to gain power over an area and then to exercise control over it

Question 7

Colonialism

Answer 7

creation by the colonial power of administration in an area that has been colonized to run its internal affairs
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Question 8

Milanovic (2012)

Answer 8

Discusses about global inequality
Immigration pressure is intimately related to high income gaps that exits between countries today
If recipient countries have trouble dealing realize that the alternative is to help the growth of countries where most migrants come from

Question 9

Temporary migrant labour

Answer 9

valued for their exploitability
social control due to the effective absence of rights

Question 10

Race

Answer 10

a social distinction based on perceived physical or biological characteristics

Question 11

Ethnicity

Answer 11

a social distinction denoting language, religion, customs and history of a particular group

Question 12

Symbolic Ethnicity (Waters)

Answer 12

ethnic identity of the descendants of white European immigrants is flexible, symbolic and voluntary, not a definitive aspect of their identity (quincinera)

Question 13

Social Construction (Berger and Luckmann)

Answer 13

society is created by humans and human interaction, which they call habitualization

Question 14

Thomas Principle

Answer 14

If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. In other words, the interpretation of a situation causes the action.

Question 15

Racialization

Answer 15

the formation of new racial identity by drawing ideological boundaries of differences around a formerly unnoticed group of people
racial meaning given to ideological or cultural traits

Question 16

Hiring and Audit Studies

Answer 16

how to isolate racial/ethnic discrimination as a cause of unequal outcomes

Question 17

Discrimination

Answer 17

can be on the individual or collective level

Question 18

Prejudice

Answer 18

negative attitude toward someone based on group membership

Question 19

Nations= imagined communities (Benedict, Anderson)

Answer 19

a nation is a socially-constructed community, imagined by the people who perceive themselves as a part of a group

Question 20

Multiculturalism (Will Kymlika)

Answer 20

as a demand for fairer terms of integration into the broader society through the granting of exemptions and accommodations, not a rejection of integration or a demand for collective self-determination

Question 21

Sex

Answer 21

a biological identity that is based on physical or biological differences and that can be divided into the main categories of male and female

Question 22

Gender

Answer 22

a social concept that includes all social patterns associated with being male or female. Gender focus on differences that are social and cultural, not biological

Question 23

Gender roles

Answer 23

the behaviours and mannerisms that people learn as being appropriate to their respective genders

Question 24

Performativity

Answer 24

the repeated rituals that create and sustain gender through perfromance

Question 25

Intersectionality (Crenshaw, Collins)

Answer 25

intersectional effects of regulating girls sexuality and bodies on a decent continum

Question 26

Social institutions

Answer 26

the norms, values and rules of conduct that structure human interactions

Question 27

Brewer (2020)

Answer 27

The empirical puzzle
role expectations as an answer
certain character ideals are linked with men and women
not dealing with neutral roles but roles that are feminized and worker roles

Question 28

Role of Media

Answer 28

Shapes ideas about gender and political efficacy and electability
because of media, a woman’s value is defined by their beauty/appearnce

Question 29

Consequences of media representations for women

Answer 29

obsessing over appearance contributes to the fact that women are electable
women objectify themselves, depicted as emotional

Question 30

Family

Answer 30

groups of people related by birth, affinity or cohabitation

Question 31

Family Household

Answer 31

a group pf people who share a relationship by blood, marriage or legal adoption living together

Question 32

Nuclear Family

Answer 32

normative stance/optimal form for meeting labour market needs/division of labour

Question 33

Structural functionalism and Parsons

Answer 33

the theory that the structure of society is shaped by its function and that social roles that individuals adopt are shaped by how these roles support the society as a whole

Question 34

Conflict Theory View of Family

Answer 34

unequal power relations within families
solicits domination of men over women
not always a happy division of labour
seeing the family as a sight of struggle