Lecture 7 Flashcards
Definition hydrocephalus
Imbalance between production/absorbtion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Causes hydrocephalus
- Reduced absorbtion CSF
- Obstruction
- Excessive production
Where is CSF made?
In choroid plexus of lateral ventricles
Where does CSF circulates?
Through 3th + 4th ventricle to subarchnoid space
Obstructive hydrocephalus
Blockage in circulation CSF
Communicative hydrocephalus
Problems in absorbtion CSF of the brain
Congenital hydrocephalus
Before birth in embryonic phase
Acquired hydrocephalus
During/after birth
Shunt
drainage of CSF through right parietal lobe
Consequences hydrocephalus
- Enlarged Ventricles
- Affection white matter: corpus callosum, optic/olfactory nerves, internal capsule
Causing lower functioning levels hydrocephalus
- Congenital
- Shunt
- Complications with shunt
- Comorbidity
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Size of ventricles
Agenesis corpus callosum
Developmental impairment of the linkage between left and right hemisphere
4 components corpus callosum
rostrium, genu, body, splenium
What is missing when you have a partial form of agenesis corpus callosum?
Splenium
Cause of agenesis corpus callosum?
Disruption cell development
Consequences agenesis corpus callosum
- Heteropia, abnormal sulci/gyri
- Reduced/absent anterior and hippocampal commissures
- Enlarged ventricles
- reduced white matter
Closed-head injury
Skull intact, caused by falls
Open-head injury
Skull injured
Primary injury (TBI)
Local brain damage, only dysfunction of that particular area
Secondary injury (TBI)
Vascular, general
Post-traumatic amnesia
Somewhat conscious, but desoriented and loss of memory
Mild TBI consequences
- altered consciousness
- cognitive impairments
- psychological status, moodswings
3 stages in moderate to severe TBI
- Acute stage
- Early rehabilitation
- Chronic stage
Acute stage
Focus on survival
Early rehabilitation
Focus on identifying disorders and maximize recovery
Chronic stage
Focus on dealing and accepting permanence of disability
