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THER EX 2: LQ > lecture 6: therapeutic exercsies for the knee > Flashcards

lecture 6: therapeutic exercsies for the knee Flashcards

1
Q

what is a large seasamoid bone in the quad tendon

A

patella

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2
Q

in the knee what ligaments provide anterior posterior stability

A

ACL and PCL

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3
Q

in the knee what provides medial lateral stability

A

MCL and LCL

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4
Q

what is the menisci connected it

A

connected to tibial condyle and capsule by coronary ligaments

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5
Q

each menisci are connected by what

A

trasnverse ligament

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6
Q

what is the medial meniscus firmly attached to the

A

joint capsule and MCL ,ACL , PCL and semimembranosus mm

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7
Q

what is the lateral meniscus attached to

A

PCL and popliteus tendon via capsule capsular connections

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8
Q

which ligament resist valgus force

A

MCL (sMCL primarily)

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9
Q

sMCL resists what

A

tibial ER at 30° flexion

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10
Q

when is the sMCL taut

A

at end range of flexion and extension

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11
Q

what are the 2 main bundles of the ACL

A

 Anteromedial bundle (smaller)
 Posterolateral bundle (larger)
 {Intermediate bundle} (maybe

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12
Q

when is each anteromedial bundle and posterolateral bundle taut

A

anteromedial- flexion
posterolateral - extension

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13
Q

what is the function of the ACL

A

percent anterior translation of tibia
provide stability during tibial rotation
limit hyperextension

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14
Q

what becomes taut with IR and ER of tibia with the most notes at 30° flexion

A

ACL

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15
Q

in knee extension when ACL bundle provides restraint to rotational forces

A

posterolateral is taut
AMB is slack

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16
Q

in knee flexion when ACL bundle provides restraint to anterior translation

A

AMB is taut
PLB is slack

if the AMB is gone then there will be more anterior translation

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17
Q

what are the 2 bundles of the PCL

A

ALB (larger)
PMB

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18
Q

when is the ALB of the PCL taut and lax

A

taut in knee flexion
lax in knees extension

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19
Q

when is the PMB of the PCL taut and lax

A

 Taut in knee extension
 Lax in knee flexion

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20
Q

when is the PCL vulnerable to injury

A

to a posterior force to the proximal tibia when the knee is FLEXED

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21
Q

what is the main function of the PCL

A

resist excessive posterior translation of the tibia

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22
Q

what is the medial menisci attached to , what shape is it and is it mobile or not mobile

A

 dMCL
 Semimembranosus
 Quadriceps

C shaped
not mobile

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23
Q

what is the lateral menisci attached to , what shape is it and is it mobile or not mobile

A

 Popliteus
 Quadriceps
 Arcuate ligament

 Circular Shaped
 Mobile

24
Q

what is the articulation of the patellofemoral joint

A

patella within femoral groove

25
Q

how does the femur move not he patella in CKC

A

under the patella

26
Q

how much does the patellofemoral joint more in relation to femorla condyle

A

7-8 cm

27
Q

pertaining to patella tracking what happens as the knee extends

A

patella moves superiorly

28
Q

what are some malaligment and tracking problems

A

 Increased Q-angle
 Short ITB
 Weak hip abd/ER
 Foot pronation
 Lax medial patellar
retinaculum
 Insufficient VMO?
 Deficits in lateral aspect
of intercondylar groove
 Pelvic Dysfunction

29
Q

what is the normal knee ROM for extension and flexion

A

extensions: 0°
flexion: 135°

30
Q

what is open packed and closed pack for the knee

A

open packed: 25° of flexion
closed packed: full knee extension

31
Q

how much ROM is needed to make a full revolution on a bike

A

~110°

32
Q

in CKC the patellar compression raised between what degrees of flexion

A

between 30-60°

33
Q

during OKC when is there patellar compression

A

greatest joint reaction force is at 30°

34
Q

how much tibia rotation is there for IR and ER

A

IR and ER is 20-30°

35
Q

IR of the tibia causes what ligaments to become taut

A

AMB of ACL and sMCL

36
Q

what wraps around what during IR of the tibia

A

ACL wraps around the PCL

37
Q

during ER what stretches over what

A

ALC stretches over the lateral condyle

38
Q

with the knee flexed what casues the ER of the tibia

A

TFL and BF

39
Q

what provides a MR (unlock) from a full extension

A

popliteus

40
Q

what does joint effusion of the knee lead to

A

inhibiton of the quadriceps

41
Q

what does joint effusion results in during walking

A

low sustained quadriceps activator and prolonged hamstring activation

42
Q

___ rupture can lead to bruising in the calf with
no significant joint effusion

A

PCL

43
Q

in what position/activity is the patellofemoral join reaction forces the highest

A

deep squat

44
Q

for every 1 lb of weight loss , there is a __lb reduction in knee load per step

A

4

45
Q

what is the main knee extensor in the leg

A

quads

46
Q

what does the quads do in closed chain activities

A

the quads control the amount of knee flexion , also causes knee extension thru reverse mm pull on th femur

47
Q

in the erect posture , wehn the knee is locked , the quads does not need to function when the gravity line is where a

A

dallas anterior to the axis of motion

48
Q

what is the qaud function in open chain activities

A

a strong contraction of the quad mms is required to overcome the physiological and mechanical disadvantages of the mm to complete the final 15° of motion

49
Q

what is the main knee flexor in the knee

A

hamstrings

50
Q

what does the hamstrings do in closed chain

A

can assist w knee extension by pulling on the tibia

51
Q

what is the gastrocnemius main function at the knee

A

during WB is to support the posterior capsule against hyperextension forces (can also assist with knee flexion)

52
Q

what mm supports the posterior capsule adn acts to unlock the knee (screw home mechanism)

A

popliteus

53
Q

what is in the pes anserinus mm group

A

sartorius , gracilis , semtendiniosus

54
Q

what is the function of the Pes anserinus muscle group (sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus)

A

provides medial stability to the knee , affects rotation of the tibia in a closed chain

55
Q

Lack of hip IR , hip flexion contracture and lack of ankle DF ROM can cause pain where

A

the knee

THER EX 2: LQ (9 decks)

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