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ACB9501 > Lecture 6 - Shoulder and Elbow Joints > Flashcards

Lecture 6 - Shoulder and Elbow Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Joints/articulations

A

Sites where 2 or more bones meet to provide stability and/ormobility to the skeleton

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2
Q

How are joints classified

A

1) Functionally: Immovable, slightly movable or freely moveable
2) Structurally: Fibrous, cartilaginous or synovial

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3
Q

Fibrous Joints

A

Connected by dense regular connective tissue that lack a joint cavity

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4
Q

3 types of fibrous joints

A
  1. Sutures
  2. Syndesmoses
  3. Gomphoses
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5
Q

Sutures

A

Located between skull bones; immovable

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6
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Connected by ligaments; movement range depends on length

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7
Q

Gomphoses

A

Peg-in-socket joint for root of tooth

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8
Q

Cartilaginous Joints

A

Bones united by cartilage; lack of joint cavity

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9
Q

2 types of cartilaginous joints

A
  1. Synchondroses
  2. Symphyses
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10
Q

Synchondroses

A

Hyaline cartilage; immovable

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11
Q

Symphyses

A

Fibrocartilage; slightly moveable

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12
Q

Synovial Joints

A

Fluid- filled joint cavity; many are freely moveable joints

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13
Q

Synovial joints are described according to

A

degrees of movement or shape

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14
Q

Articulating surface of bone is covered by

A

hyaline cartilage

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15
Q

Synovial membrane produces

A

synovial fluid that lubricates joint

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16
Q

Outer surface of synovial joints are made of

A

fibrous capsule

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17
Q

What are 3 additional structures that make up synovial joints:

A

1) articular disc
2) labrum
3) burse

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18
Q

T or F: Synovial joint that includes an articular disc divides the joint into two cavities, each with their own synovial membrane

A

T

19
Q

T or F: Movement at joint does not allow for great reach at upper limb

A

F, it does

20
Q

The acromioclavicular joint is weak so how is it strengthened

A

Extrinsic (coracoclavicular) ligaments

21
Q

T or F: Synovial joints permit sliding/gliding at the acromioclavicular joint

A

T

22
Q

The shoulder joint (glenohumeral) consists of

A

1) Scapula
2) Humerus
3) 4 ligaments to support shoulder joint

23
Q

What are the 4 ligaments of the shoulder joint

A
24
Q

Laxity at axillary pouch permits

A

abduction

25
Q

Coracoacromial ligament is strong and it is implications for

A

fractures

26
Q

Glenoid labrum helps to

A

Deepen the fossa for added mobility and fossa

27
Q

Label the missing parts of the shoulder joint

A
28
Q

Bursae

A

Sac-like cavities lined by a synovial membrane to reduce friction between adjacent structures

29
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursae

30
Q

Label the missing parts of the bursae in the shoulder joint

A
31
Q

Function of rotator cuff at shoulder joint

A

Rotator cuff muscles secure the head of the humerus to provide joint stability

32
Q

Label the missing parts of the rotator cuff

A
33
Q

How does a clavicular fracture occur

A

Fracture occurs from traumatic upward force of the humerus

34
Q

How does the acromioclavicular ligament dislocate

A

Downward/Inward force applied to acromion can rupture ligaments associated with acromioclavicular joint

35
Q

What can cause dislocation of humerus

A

LAteral rotation and excessive extension

36
Q

Label the missing elbow bones and joints

A
37
Q

What movement happens at the ulnar-humeral joint

A

Flexion/extension

38
Q

What movement occurs at the radio-humeral joint

A

Flexion/extension

39
Q

What movement occurs at the proximal radio-ulnar joint

A

Pronation/supination

40
Q

Label the missing ligaments of the elbow

A
41
Q

What are the 3 ligaments of the elbow

A
  1. Ulnar collateral Ligament (Superior, Oblique, and inferior)
  2. Annular Ligament
  3. Radial Collateral Ligament
42
Q

Function of the ulnar collateral ligament

A

Superior and oblique provide stability to medial elbow while the inferior deepens socket for the trochlea of the humerus (better stability than what bones can provide themselves in the olecranon process)

43
Q

Function of the annular ligament

A

Allows pivoting of head of radius in radial-ulnar joint

44
Q
A

ACB9501 (10 decks)

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