Lecture 6 - Proteins and Enzymes

Question 1

catabolic reaction

Answer 1

energy producing

Question 2

closed system

Answer 2

able to exchange energy (heat and work) but not matter with their environment

Question 3

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 3

Energy can be transferred or transformed but neither created nor destroyed

Question 4

Why do organisms transduce

Answer 4

Grow
Protect
Repair
Compete with other organisms
Make new organisms

Question 5

ΔG < 0

Answer 5

active / spontaneous

Question 6

Exergonic Reaction

Answer 6

Decrease in Gibbs Free Energy
Increase stability
Downhill
ATP production
ENERGY RELEASED

Question 7

Signal triggering molecule

Answer 7

ligand

Question 8

4 types of ligands

Answer 8

substrate
inihibitors
activators
neurotransmitters

Question 9

affintiy

Answer 9

tendency to bind

Question 10

what do enzymes do?

Answer 10

lower activation energy

Question 11

Limits that effect enzyme function

Answer 11

Substrate or enzyme concentration
Temperature
pH
Salt concentration
Cofactors (prosthetic group, coenzyme)
Inhibitors
Regulators

Question 12

loosely bound cofactor?

Answer 12

coenzyme

Question 13

tightly bound cofator?

Answer 13

prosthetic groups

Question 14

how does temperature affact enzyme activity

Answer 14

higher heat = more collisions
too high heat degrades enzyme

Question 15

negative feedback

Answer 15

pathway is inhibited by accumulation of final product

Question 16

other name for reversible competitive inhibitors

Answer 16

structural analogs

Question 17

inhibitor binds someplace that isn’t the active site

Answer 17

reversible noncompetitive inhibitors

Question 18

irreversible inhibitors

Answer 18

Bind tightly to enzyme in active site and prevent formation