Lecture 6: Materials I

Question 1

floor score

Answer 1

certification by the resilient floor covering institute

Question 2

examples of sustainable flooring (less than 7 years)

Answer 2

kirei board
bamboo
cork
palm bark

Question 3

cork

Answer 3

renewable tree bark, natural material, similar to wood, sound absorbing, can be used for both flooring and walls

Question 4

issues with cork

Answer 4

difficult to clean

only good in areas with no high traffic

Question 5

vinyl

Answer 5

one of the most popular flooring types, cheap, flexible, easy maintenance, durable; comes in tiles and sheets
ex. schools

Question 6

things to think about when choosing a material for flooring

Answer 6

• health, safety, and welfare
• way-finding opportunities
• comfort
• COF
• cost
• aesthetic
• sound control
• sustainability

Question 7

linoleum

Answer 7

naturally hygienic, renewable/recyclable

Question 8

issues with linoleum

Answer 8

expensive, doesn’t wear as well

Question 9

leather

Answer 9

natural, from tanning of hides; planks, tiles, and strips

Question 10

issues with leather

Answer 10

luxury product only, difficult to clean

Question 11

rubber

Answer 11

can be either natural or synthetic, stain and chemical resistant, when you drop something it doesn’t break, can be welded for seamless installation

Question 12

issues with rubber

Answer 12

natural rubber doesn’t age as well as synthetic

Question 13

composites

Answer 13

use of any kind of products, held together with a binders; stuff dumped into aggregate

Question 14

aggregates

Answer 14

various sizes, marble chips imbedded into the binder of flooring

Question 15

terazzo

Answer 15

installed over cement base, big patterns and colors, poured, expansion joints, wears well

Question 16

issues with terazzo

Answer 16

pre-cast tiles, high labor intensive to install

Question 17

types of terazzo

Answer 17

standard (small)
venetian (larger stone chips)
rustic (no polished surface)
palladiana (mosaic finish)

Question 18

portland cement

Answer 18

basic ingredient of concrete

Question 19

concrete vs. cement

Answer 19

concrete: water, aggregate, and portland cement
cement: concrete, mortar, stucco, and most non-specialty grout

** concrete can be structural or decorative

Question 20

fly ash

Answer 20

byproduct of burning coal, improves workability and finishing

Question 21

issues with fly ash

Answer 21

potentially toxic

Question 22

air entraining compounds

Answer 22

improve durability in cold weather

Question 23

accelerants

Answer 23

decrease settling time and speed up curing time

Question 24

retardants

Answer 24

decrease settling time, speed up curing time, and slows down hydration

Question 25

glass fiber reinforced concrete

Answer 25

reduces small surface cracks, common in portland cement

Question 26

carpet

Answer 26

one of the most popular flooring types, soft underfoot, cushion falls, thermo-insulating, absorb 10x more noise than any other material

Question 27

tufted

Answer 27

sewing process of carpet with giant needles

Question 28

pre-dyeing vs. post-dyeing

Answer 28

pre: materials are dyed before the assembly post: carpet dyed after the assembly

Question 29

solution dyed

Answer 29

actually a part of creating fibers, bleach doesn't change the color

Question 30

yarn dyed

Answer 30

yarn dyed before carpet is manufactured

Question 31

printing

Answer 31

apply colored dyes to tufts

Question 32

continuous dyeing

Answer 32

application of dye as the carpet moves under the dye applicator

Question 33

pile height

Answer 33

distance from top of yarn to the backing of carpet longer = more plush

Question 34

face weight

Answer 34

number of square ounces of the actual yarn of carpet, not the backing

Question 35

pile height: commercial carpeting

Answer 35

very low height, must be more dense than residential

Question 36

guage

Answer 36

space between needles

Question 37

pitch

Answer 37

distance between rows of tufts

Question 38

carpet fibers

Answer 38

``` nylon 56% olefin 36% polyester 7% acrylic wool .5% ```

Question 39

nylon

Answer 39

about 2/3 of most carpet fibers wear resistant, resilient

Question 40

olefin

Answer 40

strong, resists wear, easily cleaned, poor resilience

Question 41

polyester

Answer 41

luxurious, soft, excellent color clarity and retention, easily cleaned, resistant to water, soluble stains

Question 42

issues with polyester

Answer 42

should be promoted more, but is expensive

Question 43

acrylic

Answer 43

cheap solution to wool

Question 44

wool

Answer 44

luxury product

Question 45

issues with wool

Answer 45

very expensive, 6x the cost of nylon carpet, mold, dry-clean only

Question 46

carpet pad

Answer 46

feels better on the foot, also wears better **bigger the pad, the more difficult it is to seal against the wall

Question 47

direct glue down carpet is commonly used in ________________

Answer 47

commercial installations

Question 48

tackless installation uses ________

Answer 48

tack strips

Question 49

free lay installation

Answer 49

gravity keeps in place, sticky tabs, green way to install carpet

Question 50

issues with free lay installation

Answer 50

sometimes the tiles move

Question 51

wood: standards

Answer 51

``` clear (perfect) select #1 common #2 common ```

Question 52

Wood _____________________ with the weather.

Answer 52

shrinks or swells

Question 53

Grains are also affected by _________________.

Answer 53

the way its cut

Question 54

types of wood

Answer 54

``` alder ash birch cherry hickory teak maple red oak pine white oak ```

Question 55

parquet blocks

Answer 55

shorter strips, less expensive

Question 56

wood installation types

Answer 56

nail or staple glue floating (minimizing glue)

Question 57

wood finishing types

Answer 57

stain paint bleach

Question 58

Solid wood can be refinished about ___ times before the joints become too weak.

Answer 58

5

Question 59

solid wood

Answer 59

sensitive to moisture, glued, can't use where there is water

Question 60

engineered wood

Answer 60

more dimensionally stable, can put directly over concrete, can't refinish, wears like real wood

Question 61

Glass floors are transparent due to _____________(clear, cloudy, etc.)

Answer 61

molecules

Question 62

crystals

Answer 62

thermally conductive, water doesn't damage performance characteristics of glass

Question 63

metal floors

Answer 63

expand and contract, cool to the touch, picks up and the surrounding temperature

Question 64

stitches/tufts per square inch

Answer 64

made by machine

Question 65

Which is more stable: solid hardwood or engineered wood?

Answer 65

engineered wood