Lecture 3: Accessibility Flashcards
figural space
figure/ground relationship
occupied vs. unoccupied space
positive vs. negative space
poche
viewed in plans, figural void, see how it looks
- a way to articulate space
interstitial space
space between two defined spaces
gray space
frequently unused spaces, forgotten space
ex. under stairs
layered space
making smaller spaces appear larger and more interesting through connections
universal space
completely open space within building with multiple purposes
space within a space
helps to define a space
ex. soffit, awning
effect of a window
makes area feel bigger and creates view
enfilade
series of rooms with doors in line with each other, travel room to room to room
ex. museums
atrium
large open space located within a building, provides light and ventilation, links spaces together
primary datum
organize space
vertical element
what is that line connecting spaces
socialpetal space
design to bring people together
ex. arrangement of furniture
socialfugal space
design to discourage interaction and social contact
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
IBC
international building code
Americans with Disabilities Act
rights and laws protecting people with disabilities
What are the two code components?
- occupancy (construction, floor area, height)
2. exit egress (fire protection, fire extinguishing)
occupancy type: A
assembly
ex. recreation center, church, theater, restaurant
occupancy type: B
business
ex. universities, offices
occupancy type: E
education (K-12)
occupancy type: I
institutional
ex. nursing home, hospital, mental health institutes, prison/jail
occupancy type: M
mercantile
ex. retail
occupancy type: R
residential
What two things are required in a bedroom?
- window
2. closet
construction types
Type I (lightly protected) - Type V (unprotected)
system
continuous unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress travel from any point in building/structure
rated walls
how long it takes to burn in a fire
The number of required exits is dependent on:
occupancy
occupant load
limitations
exit access
portion of egress that leads to exit, could be anywhere
exit
protected path, non-combustible material
exit discharge
between termination of exit and the public
exit doors
- must swing in to path of travel
- must not swing into a required path of travel, such as a corridor
occupancy of ______ people require multiple exits
50+
must be placed a distance apart equal to half of the diagonal distance of the room
stair width
occupant load 50+ people: at least 44”
occupant load
minimum tread width
11”
maximum riser height
7-7.5”
handrail distance from wall
4.5” on each side
handrail height
34-38”
Baluster clearance (child’s head)
4”
nosing length
1” minimum (helps not trip)
head room
6’0” minimum
all stairwells with ____ risers must have a handrail that is continuous for entire stair length
3+
maximum handrail size
1.25-2”
minimum residential stair width
36”
minimum commercial stair width
44”
ramp landing every ____ ft. (place of rest)
20
ramp: 1 foot raise = _________
12 feet long
drawing stairs: break lines ____ cut going up
4’
What to include when drawing stairs:
- handrail
- treads
- landings
- entrance
- break lines
How to determine the maximum number of treads and risers:
- must know vertical dimension between floor levels
- always one treas fewer than the number of risers because you start on the ground
- 7/11
- always round up
corridors
try to avoid dead end corridors - 20’
accessible route
someone in a wheelchair can go through
wheelchair passage
minimum 60” for 2 wheelchairs
no more than 200 ft
minimum turn around for wheelchair
36”
passageway for wheelchair
32”
wheelchair passage point cannot be more than ____ feet
200
wheelchair minimum floor clear space
30” by 48”
wheelchair: ___ diameter circle for turning 180 degrees
60”
door clearance for wheelchair:
12” push side of door
18” pull side of door
wheelchair: maximum threshold height
1/2”
toilet room: ___ wheelchair turning radius
5’
wheelchair toilet stalls width
32”
grab bar height
33”-36”
toilet must be ____ from wall
18”
faucets must be operable with _________
one hand
wheelchair mirrors
- angled down
- mounted lower
wheelchair floors slip resistant
- no level changes less than 1/4”
- firm/no cushion in carpeting
ramps: ____ before landing is required
30”
minimum clearing width for ramps
36”
ramp handrail height
mounted 32”-38” on both sides
ADA signage: seating
at least 5% has to be accessible for those in wheelchairs
interior is ____ more polluted than outisde
10-50 times
