Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary Flashcards
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is the inflammation of the GI tract
gastroenteritis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of gastroenteritis
usually pathogens, toxins
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s of gastroenteritis
nausea
vomitting
diarrhea
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx of gastroenteritis
antibiotics (bacteria)
fluids (if severe - IV)
rest
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
MT for gastroenteritis
systemically CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
issues that arise from gastroenteritis
dehydration
electrolyte loss
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is a progressive inflammatory disorder affecting any part of the GI tract
crohn’s disease
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
in crohn’s disease there is an _________ of inflammed areas
unpredictable patchwork
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of crohn’s disease
unknown - genetics?
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
crohn’s disease is under
inflammatory bowel disease
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
when is crohn’s usually diagnosed
20s & 30s
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s of crohn’s
cramping diarrhea (often with blood) bloating weight loss fever joint pain ulcers
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx of crohn’s
steroids
immunosuppressants
avoiding certain foods
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt for crohn’s
only appropriate during remission
avoid deep abdominal work
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is acid from stomach irritates and causes damage to esophagus
GERD
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
what does GERD mean
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of gerd
usually weakness of lower esophagus sphincter
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
gerd mistaken for
heartburn
asthma
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s of gerd
gas
indigestion
bloating
pain in chest
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx gerd
change in diet/eating
acid neutralizers
acid-blockers
surgery
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt gerd
based on client’s comfort
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
gerd can lead to
cancer
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ are ulcerations of stomach or small intestine
peptic ulcers
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of peptic ulcers
helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) - bacteria stress, NSAIDS
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s peptic ulcers
burning pain in chest or abdomn (30 min - 3 hrs) nausea vomitting loss of appetite bleeding in GI tract
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx peptic ulcers
antibiotics for H.pylori
stop use of NSAIDS
surgery
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt peptic ulcers
locally CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is inflammation of vermiform appendix
appendicitis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of appendicitis
unknown - bacterial pathogen?
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s of appendicitis
extreme pain in lower right quadrant (LRQ)
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx appendicitis
usually surgery
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt appendicitis
mt is ci
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is cancer of the colon and/or rectum
colorectal cancer
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of colorectal cancer
idiopathic
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
what % of patients w/colorectal cancer are over 50
90%
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s colorectal cancer
anemia
blood in stool
weight loss
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx colorectal cancer
surgery
chemotherapy
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt colorectal cancer
if in remission ok
otherwise dr’s note
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is a condition of sacs found throughout the colon
diverticular disease
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ means sac
diverticula
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology diverticular disease
pressure on colon walls
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
age group most affected by diverticular disease
60-80
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
what percent of patients are in common age group
50%
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s diverticular disease
nonexistant unless infection then nausea, fever, cramping, pain
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx diverticular disease
antibiotics for bacterial infection
diet
surgery if sever
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt diverticular disease
deep abdominal massage is CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
what type of food especially avoid with diverticular disease
small seeds
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is a progressive inflammation and ulceration of the colon
ulcerative colitis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology
idiopathic - perhaps autoimmune
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s ulcerative colitis
painful, chronic, diarrhea w/blood and pus in stools, cramping, loss of appetite, mild fever
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx ulcerative colitis
colitis rx, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, nicotine patches
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt ulcerative colitis
if fever mt is locally CI for mechanical and circulatory
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is a collectin of sign and symptoms that indicate a functional problem with the digestive system (colon)
irritable bowel syndrome
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of irritable bowel syndrome
uncoordinated and irregular peristalsis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s irritable bowel syndrome
cramps abdominal pains gas, bloating constipation diarrhea
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx irritable bowel syndrome
anti-spasmodics
anti-diarrheals
antacids
antidepressants
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt irritable bowel syndrome
as long as s&s are not exacerbated
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is scar tissue formation in the liver
cirrhosis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of cirrhosis
chronic/long-term infection (virus, autoimmune) or irrational (alcohol)
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s cirrhosis
nausea weight loss red patches on skin splenomegaly ascites jaundice
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx cirrhosis
stop irritant diuretics antacids levulose vitamins steroids if autoimmune
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt cirrhosis
ci for rigorous circulatory massage
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ are crystallized deposits in gall bladder
gall stones
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of gall stones
duct blockages
diet?
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s of gall stones
excruciating localized pain
nausea and vomitting
jaundice
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx gall stones
surgery
laparoscopy
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt gall stones
indicated unless s&s are unbearable
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is inflammation of liver
hepatitis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of hepatitis
viral (Hep A, B, C), autoimmune, other viruses
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s hepatitis
jaundice
nausea
weakness
fever
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx hepatitis
gamma globulin
interferon
ribavirin
rest, fluids
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt hepatitis
acute infection CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
if work in health field you will get what shot
hep b
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is inflammation of the bronchi
acute/chronic bronichitis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of bronchitis
acute: pathogens, irritants
chronic: cigarettes, air pollutants, chemicals
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s bronchitis
coughing
wheezing
sputum
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx bronchitis
removal of irritants, antibiotics, rest, fluids, warm moist air, cough supressants
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt bronchitis
CI when infected
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is a viral infection of the respiratory tract
influenza
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of influenza
virus
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
what are types of influenza
A,B,C
also comes from regions Asia etc
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s influenza
fever cough runny nose muscle aches fatigue
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx influenza
rest, liquids, soup, sometimes vaccines, elderly or immune-compromised = antibiotics
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
Mt influenza
subacute ok
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is general term for inflammation of the lungs
pneumonia
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of pneumonia
pathogens
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s pneumonia
persistent cough which doesn’t go away
high fever, sputum, shortness of breath, chest pains, muscle aches
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx pneumonia
antibiotics
cough suppresants
“cupping’ or tapotement
fluids
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt pneumonia
percussive/tapotement is part of tx
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ doesn’t produce sputum is a dry hack and is contagious
walking pneumonia
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is inflammation of sinus
sinusitis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of sinusitis
allergies, irritants, pathogens, blockage
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s sinusitis
runny nose, puffy/itchy eyes, headache, dizziness, head pressure
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx sinusitis
antibiotics, decongestants, steroid nasal sprays, antihistamines, anti-inflammatories
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt sinusitis
ok for allergic, be mindful for head position as may increase pressure
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is bacterial infection that usually begins in the lungs but may spread to bones, kidneys, lymph nodes, etc
tuberculosis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of tuberculosis
mycobacterium tuberculosis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s tuberculosis
similar to minor flu:
fever, sweating, weight loss, exhaustion, bloody phlegm
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx tuberculosis
specific antibiotics or drug regimin to combat this bacteria
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt tuberculosis
systemically CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is bronchial smooth muscle spasms, edema, and constriction of the airways
asthma
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of asthma
allergens, stress, exercise, virus, irritants
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s asthma
wheezing
shortness of breath
coughing
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx asthma
anti-inflammatory, bronchodilators, antihistamines, in sever cases epinephrine
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt asthma
not during attack
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ can be mistaken as GERD
asthma
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is alveoli becoming stretched and inelastic
ephysema
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of ephysema
smoking, pollutants
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s ephysema
railing (sound)
barrel chest, cough, weith loss
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx ephysema
bronchodilators, oxygen tank, surgery
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt ephysema
chair/reclining massage
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is growth of malignant cells in lungs
lung cancer
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of lung cancer
smoking
radon
asbestos
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s lung cancer
persistant cough
coughing blood
chest pain
shortness of breath
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt lung cancer
dr’s note
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
is lung cancer quick or slow
quick
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is inflammation of the glomerulus (in nephron)
glomerulonephritis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is inflammation of the nephron
pyelonephritis
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of glomerulonephritis
immune complexes get caught up in glomerulus
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of pyelonephritis
usually E.coli infection which travels up ureters
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s glomerulonephritis
high protein or rbc in urine
blood in urine
high blood pressure
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s pyelonephritis
fever, burning and frequent urination, cloudy urine, extreme back pain, fatigue, nausea, vomitting
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx glomerulonephritis
steroids, antihypertensives, antibiotics
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx pyelonephritis
antibiotics
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis
CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is solid deposit of crystalline substances in the kidney
kidney stones
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of kidney stones
dehydration, lack of fluids
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
another name for kidney stones
renal calculi
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s kidney stones
most are “silent” and pass fine. BUT…
if painful go to ER
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx kidney stones
sound waves
surgery
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt kidney stones
okay if not in pain
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is when kidneys are not functioning properly
renal failure
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of renal failure
chronic or sever recurrent problems
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s renal failure
decreased urine output systemic edema arrythmia anemia osteomalacia
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx renal failure
treat underlying pathology
kidney transplant
diuretics
blood sugar meds
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt renal failure
CI
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is malignant cells in urinary bladder
bladder cancer
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of bladder cancer
varies, radiation, schistosoma, smoking
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s bladder cancer
blood in urine (hematuria), painful and/or frequent urination
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx bladder cancer
depends on stage
radiation
chemotherapy, surgery
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt bladder cancer
work as part of team
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
_________ is infection of urinary system
urinary tract infection (UTI)
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
etiology of UTI
pathogens
mostly E.coli
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
s&s UTI
frequent, urgent, painful/burning urination
sometimes urine has smell, fever
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
tx UTI
antibiotics
cranberry juice
Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary
mt UTI
if fever CI
deep abdominal work is CI