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Hygiene & Pathology > Lecture 5 - Integumentary System > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is localized staphylococcus infectison of the skin

A

boils

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2
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

another name for boils

A

furuncles

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3
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

group of furnuncles is called

A

carbuncle

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4
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of boils

A

bacterium that is usually the cause is S. aureus

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5
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of boils

A

painful, red, hot pustules

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6
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of boils

A

hot compresses
sometimes antibodies
never pop a boil!

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7
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

why don’t pop boil

A

may drive infection deeper

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8
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for boils

A

CI locally

sheets must be isolated and washed with extra bleach

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9
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a streptococcal infection of the cells in the skin

A

erysipelas

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10
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

erys

A

red

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11
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

erysipelas originally called

A

st. anthony’s fire

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12
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of erysipelas

A

strep under the skin

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13
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

once strep gets under the skin (erysipelas) the infection becomes

A

systemic

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14
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

the redness from erysipelas is caused by

A

enzymes produced by strep bacteria that break down and kill skin cells

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15
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

how does strep gain access to skin (erysipelas)

A

opportunistic - break in skin

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16
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs of erysipelas

A

begins with tender swollen area usually on face or lower legs

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17
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

red streaks in erysipelas run towards

A

lymph nodes

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18
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

symptoms of erysipelas

A

fever
chills
systemic discomfort
painful inflammation

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19
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of erysipelas

A

penicillin

varies anitbiotics

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20
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for erysipelas

A

CI until infection has completely passed

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21
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

other terms for fungal infection

A

mycoses

dermatophytosis

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22
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

fungal infection can involve _________ types of fungi

A

different

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23
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

lesions in fungal infections are called

A

tinea

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24
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

dermatophytes live on

A

keratin

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25
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

dermatophytes thrive in

A

warm, most places

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26
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

area on body dermatophytes prefer

A

skin folds

toes - groin

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27
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

fungal infections tend to infect people with

A

depressed or sluggish immune systems

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28
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

how are fungal infections transmitted

A

touch

skin to anything with fungus on it

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29
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is bodyworm

A

tinea corporis

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30
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is head ringworm

A

tinea captitis

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31
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is athlete’s foot

A

tinea pedis

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32
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is jock itch

A

tinea cruris

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33
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is hand ringworm

A

tinea manus

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34
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is beared face

A

tinea barbae

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35
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is skin under finger and toesnails

A

tinea unguium

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36
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs of tinea corporis

A

red circles or rings

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37
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs of tinea capitis

A

itchiness or flaking of scalp, hair loss

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38
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

who usually develops tinea capitis

A

infants

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39
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs of tinea pedis

A

weeping blisters; cracking, peeling skin

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40
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs of tinea cruris

A

upper thigh and buttocks

caused by yeast infections

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41
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of fungal infections

A

external application of fungicide unless under nails then internal
Keep area dry

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42
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for fungal infection

A

CI in every phase

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43
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a viral infection which can spread on to the skin

A

herpes simplex

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44
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

herpo

A

to creep

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45
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of herpes simplex - oral

A

oral or respiratory secretions

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46
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of herpes simplex - genital

A

genital mucous secretions during skin-skin contact; never fully eliminated from body

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47
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s herpes simplex

A

cold sores/fever blisters around mouth

blisters on genitals, thighs, buttocks

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48
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

herpes simplex blisters last about how long

A

2 weeks

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49
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

herpes outbreaks are preceded _________ of tingling, itching, or pain

A

2-3 days

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50
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of herpes simplex

A

acyclovir or other anti-viral drug

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51
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT herpes simplex

A

CI for acute herpes

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52
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

herpes I

A

simplex - mouth

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53
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

herpes II

A

genital

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54
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

herpes whitlow

A

around nail beds

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55
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is bacteria infection that is especially common in children

A

impetigo

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56
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of impetigo

A

caused by both staphylococcus and streptococcus bacteria

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57
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of impetigo

A

rash with small blisters or pustules filled with clear or murky fluid; itchy skin, often around the mouth

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58
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of impetigo

A

topical antibiotic cream

oral antibiotics

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59
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for impetigo

A

CI unless lesions have completely healed

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60
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ are anthropods

A

mites

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61
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ skin lesions caused by microscopic anthropods that drink blood

A

mites

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62
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of mites

A

female mites: sarcoptes scabiei burrow under skin in warm moist areas where they drink blood, defficate, urinate, and lay eggs.

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63
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what is the irritant with scabies/mites

A

waste

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64
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of mites/scabies

A

itchy reaction
colorized skin at infection
irritated blisters or pustules

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65
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

where are mites/scabies the itchiest

A

at night

along skin folds, betline

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66
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx for mites

A

bathing with pesticidal soap

washing and isolating bed towels, sheets, etc

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67
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for mites

A

CI until the condition is completely irradicated

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68
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what is worst nightmare for massage therapist=hygiene.

A

lice/scabies infection

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69
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ are insects that live in head hair and suck blood from the scalp

A

head lice

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70
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what is the irritant from head lice

A

saliva

eggs at base of hair shaft

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71
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is lice eggs

A

nites

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72
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of head lice

A

nites cling to hair shafts and look like tiny grains of rice, can be dark.
itchiness and sensation of movement on the scalp

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73
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of head lice

A

repeated applications of pesticidal shampoo
hair combing
smother lice with mayo, wrap in plastic wrap overnight
wash all linens

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74
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for head lice

A

CI until condition is eradicated

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75
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

head lice is called

A

pediculosis

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76
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

where are head lice often found

A

caps and hats

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77
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

head lice can

A

jump

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78
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

pubic lice are called

A

crabs

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79
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

pubic lice can not

A

jump

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80
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

where are pubic lice found

A

pubic hair
body hair
armpit hair
eyebrows and eyelashes

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81
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a tumor

A

neoplasm

82
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a neoplasm that arises from kerotinocytes in the epidermis

A

warts

83
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

word for wards

A

verruca vulgaris

84
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of warts

A

slow acting viruses

HPV

85
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s warts

A

hard cauliflower-like growths
hard and scaly
usually occurring on hands
can impair function

86
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of warts

A

salicylic acid
liquid nitrogen
apple cider vinegar and duct tape

87
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for warts

A

locally CI

88
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

wart on foot

A

plantar wart

89
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

genital warts caused by HPV has a high correlation to

A

cervical cancer

90
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a bacterial infection of sebaceous glands

A

acne

91
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

acne is usually found where

A

face
neck
upper back

92
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of acne

A

proprionibacterium acnes is primary bacteria

93
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what clogs up behind the blockage of duct in acne

A

sebum

94
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s acne

A

raised, inflammed pustules on skin

locally painful

95
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of acne

A

topical steroids applied for anti-inflammatory
change in diet
antibiotics

96
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT acne

A

CI on the lesions as they are infections

97
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

blackheads are caused by

A

oxidation

98
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is atopic, non-contagious skin rash usually brought on by allergic reaction

A

dermatitis - eczema

99
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

where is eczema usually located

A

flexation areas
inside elbow
behind knee

100
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of eczema

A

overreactions of immune system to some irritant

genetic connection?

101
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of eczema

A

usually appears as very dry, flaky skin or blistered, weepy skin
red, swollen, itchy, tender

102
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of eczema

A

isolating and avoiding irritant
hydration of skin
moisturizer/emollient
corticosteroid cream

103
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT eczema

A

acute systemic CI until all inflammation has subsided

104
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

atpoic eczema is

A

inherited tendency

105
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

contact ermititis is

A

delayed onset

106
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is hives

A

urticaria

107
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is inflammatory skin reaction to allergen or emotional stressor

A

hives

108
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology hives

A

mast cells release histamine

109
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

histamine causes

A

vasodilation
cell permeability
lots of edema
localized inflammatory response

110
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what causes itching in hives

A

edema pressing on nerve endings

111
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s hives

A

itchy and hot to touch

112
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

hives start as

A

small raised reddened areas

113
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

early hives are called

A

wheals

114
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

wheals join to become

A

irregular patches

115
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of hives

A

antihistamines

116
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT of hives

A

CI in acute phase

117
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

hives are a _________ allergic reaction

A

type I

118
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a serious reaction to allergen. resulting in airway closing

A

anaphylactic shock

119
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ are isolated areas where the pigment cells in the epidermis have produced excess melanin

A

mole

120
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

another term for mole

A

nevi

121
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of mole

A

genetically programmed to develop before the age of 20

may become elevated and grow course dark hairs

122
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of moles

A

small, symmetrical shape from light tan to blackish-blue

usually circular or oval

123
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of moles

A

large moles might be removed

124
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT moles

A

moles may bleed if they stick out too far. careful. Indicated

125
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

freckles are

A

benign neoplasm

126
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

another term for freckles

A

ephelides

127
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a chronic skin condition in which epithelial cells in isolated patches replicate too rapidly

A

psoriasis

128
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

how often does psoriasis cells replicate

A

2-4 days

normal is 28-30

129
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

psora means in greek

A

to itch

130
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of psoriasis

A

unknown.

131
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s psoriasis

A

raised red or pink patches
develop white or silvery scale on top
red, swollen, itchy, tender skin

132
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

where is psoriasis located

A

extendsor locations
elbow
front of knee - opposite of eczema

133
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of psoriasis

A

no permanent cure has been found

coal tar, vit B ointments, steroid creams

134
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT psoriasis

A

locally CI in acute phase

135
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of skin cancer

A 
radiation 
chemicals
genetics
viruses
certain bacteria
136
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ precancerous condition that can lead to SCC

A

actinic keratosis (AK)

137
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

actinic keratosis also called

A

solar keratosis

138
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of actinic keratosis

A

brown or red scaly lesions on forehead

sores form crust but do not heal normally (cycles)

139
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of actinic keratosis

A

frozen off with liquid nitrogen

140
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for ackinic keratosis

A

if diagnosed, dr’s note

141
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is the most common type of skin cancer and least serious.

A

basal cell carcinoma

142
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

will BCC metastasized?

A

no

143
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

where is tumor of BCC located

A

stratum basale of the epidermis

144
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of BCC

A

particularly solar radiation on fair skinned

145
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s basal cell carcinoma

A

typically appears on face, borders are often hard and they may bleed and form crusts

146
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of basal cell carcinoma

A

excision
liquid nitrogen
radiation

147
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT basal cell carcinoma

A

locally CI

148
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

sign of a cancerous lesion is

A

tends to not heal

149
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what skin cancers can be see around the nose

A

bcc

scc

150
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ maligancy of keratinocytes in the epidermis

A

squamous cell carcinoma

151
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology scc

A

especially tobacco

152
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s scc

A

especially common on ears, hands, lower lip

153
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

TX SCC

A

frozen or excised

154
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT scc

A

CI as scc can be metastatic

155
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ are melanocytes that are too stimulated, replicating out of control

A

malignant melanoma

156
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of malignant melanoma

A

often starts from pre-existing mole which can change throughout life in color, shape, size.

sometimes itchy or bleeds around edges

157
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is usually seen in younger people and very fatal

A

malignant melanoma

158
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

TX of malignant melanoma

A

aggressive: excision, radiation, chemo

159
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for malignant melanoma

A

CI

160
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

diagnosis treatment for cancerous lesions

A 
A - asymmetrical
B - border is irregular
C - color changes
D - diameter increases
E - elevated - not always
161
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what % of skin cancer is melanoma

A

3-5%

162
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what % of melanoma is fatal

A

75%

163
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is damage to the skin that causes cells to die

A

burns

164
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

losing more that _________ of skin function can put a person at risk for:

A

15%
infection
shock
circulatory collapse

165
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of burns

A 
fire
sun
dry heat
wet heat
electricity
radiation
extreme cold
toxic chemicals
166
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

1st degree burn affects

A

upper epidermis

167
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs of 1st degree burn

A

redness

mild irritating pain

168
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

example of 1st degree burn

A

sunburn

169
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

2nd degree burn affects

A

all epidermis possibly some dermis

170
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

signs 2nd degree burns

A

blisters
edema
great deal of pain

171
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

3rd degree burn affect

A

epidermis, dermis, and possible beyond

172
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of burns

A

soothing lotion, antibiotic cream

3rd degree perhaps skin grafts and plastic surgery

173
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT burns

A

CI except perhaps mild sunburn depending on client pain tolerance

174
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ are bed sores

A

decubitus ulcers

175
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ are chronic inadequate blood flow to the skin

A

decubitus ulcers

176
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of decubitus ulcers

A

circulation not being stimulated

177
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

what can decubitus ulcers cause

A

secondary infection
blood poisoning
death

178
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s decubitus ulcers

A

ulcers tend not to crust over, redness, discoloration, pain, and itching

179
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of decubitus ulcers

A

topical antibodies, keep moist, Vit D

180
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for decubitus ulcers

A

locally CI

181
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

who commonly gets decubitus ulcers

A

bed-ridden patients
prolonged wheelchair use
elderly
underweight

182
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is rips and tears

A

lacerations

183
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = cuts

A

insicions

184
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = scratches

A

excoriations

185
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = cracks

A

fissure

186
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = firm, raised ares like pimples

A

papules

187
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = any kind of hole

A

punctures

188
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = something that has been ripped off, like a finger or an ear

A

avulsions

189
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = scapes

A

abrasions

190
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ = sores with dead tissue

A

ulcers

191
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of lacerations, incisions, exocriations, punctures, and abrasions are usually due to

A

trauma from glass, knives, etc

192
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

fissures are often caused by

A

dry skin

193
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

papules are often caused by

A

infection

194
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT for open wounds and sores

A

locally CI until healed

195
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is a rare disorder in which the skin is pathologically dry

A

ichthyosis

196
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

ichthyosis means

A

fish condition

197
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

etiology of ichthyosis

A

cold weather when air is dry
legs of elderly
can be symptom of congenital or neurological disorder

198
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

_________ is another name for ischthyosis

A

xeroderma

199
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

s&s of ichthyosis

A

diamond shaped scales on skin
lower legs
can become darker than surrounding areas

200
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

Tx of ichthyosis

A

change bathing habits

special emollients

201
Q

Lecture 5 - Integumentary System

MT of ichthyosis

A

indicated with precautions if no underlying pathology. avoid areas of deep cracking.

Hygiene & Pathology (8 decks)

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