Lecture 6: Arthrology Flashcards
Arthrology
Study of joints
Joint
2 Bones Come Together/Articulate
Joint Characteristics
Does not always allow movement,
It is a balance between mobility and stability
Least Stable Joint in Body
Shoulder Joint
More Mobility =
Less Stability
Structural Classification
Anatomical Structure (how they're held together), Bony Fusion, Fibrous Joint, Cartilaginous Joint, Synovial Joint
Functional Classification
3 Types of Movement:
Synarthroses,
Amphiarthroses,
Diarthroses
Synarthroses
Immovable Joints,
Bones very close together,
May interlock to stop movement
Sutures
Type of Synarthroses Joint, Edges of bone interlock, Held together by dense irregular connective tissue, Fingerlike projections, Between bones of skull
Sutures of the Skull
Coronal,
Sagittal,
Lambdoid,
Squamous
Metopic (frontal) Suture
Suture splitting the frontal bone in half in newborns,
Allows for skull movement during birth
Fontanelles
Soft spots on baby heads,
Close with age,
Allow for skull movement during birth
Gomphosis
Type of Synarthroses Joint,
Periodontal ligament holds tooth in place,
Peg in socket,
Located between teeth and the mandible or maxilla
Synchondrosis
Type of Synarthroses Joint,
Cartilage separates 2 bones,
Held together by hyaline cartilage,
Sometimes a temporary joint
Examples of Synchondrosis Joints
Xyphoid Process,
Body of Sternum,
Epiphyseal Plates
Synostosis
Type of Synarthroses Joint,
Former joint; then fuses,
Joint between two bones
Examples of Synostosis Joints
Epiphyseal plate after fusion,
Metopic suture after frontal bone fusion
Amphiarthroses
Allow more movement than synarthroses but not freely at all,
Bones connected by collagen fibers or cartilage
Syndesmosis
Type of Amphiarthroses, Collagen fibers, Large spaces between bones, Little movement possible, Connected by an interosseous ligament
Symphysis
Type of Amphiarthroses,
Slightly mobile,
Bones separated by a pad of fibrous cartilage
Examples of Symphysis
Pubic Symphysis,
Joints between vertebral bodies where there are intevertebral discs
Diarthroses
Synovial Joints (freely moveable), Most common type of joint in body, Joint cavity separates the bone
