Lecture #6 Flashcards
1
Q
Diathesis - Stress Paradigm
A
- This model suggests that mental disorders result from an interaction between an individual’s biological predisposition (diathesis) and environmental stress.
2
Q
Diathesis
A
- Refers to a constitutional vulnerability or predisposition toward developing an illness, which increases risk but does not guarantee disorder onset.
3
Q
Diathesis (Vulnerability Stress Model)
A
- states that an individual’s vulnerability interacts with triggers (stress) to manifest a disorder, influenced by biological, social, and psychological factors.
4
Q
Biopsychosocial Paradigm
A
- This model combines biological, psychological, and social factors to explain the development of disorders, suggesting a multi-dimensional understanding of mental health issues.
5
Q
What are 2 examples of the biopsychosocial Paradigm?
A
- Anorexia
- Schizophrenia
6
Q
Risk Factors
A
- Factors increasing vulnerability to developing a disorder
7
Q
Protective Factors
A
- Conditions or attributes that decrease the likelihood of disorder development.
8
Q
Resilience
A
- The ability to “bounce back” from adversity, representing an individual’s drive to overcome obstacles and pursue goals.
9
Q
What’s an example of resilience?
A
- completing education
10
Q
Science
A
- Defined as the pursuit of organized knowledge through observation and testing.
11
Q
Testability
A
- Hypotheses should be capable of being tested to prove or disprove.
12
Q
Replicability
A
- Findings must be repeatable to confirm reliability.
13
Q
Construct
A
- A theoretical concept explaining observable behavior.
14
Q
What are 2 examples of a construct?
A
- attachment and anxiety
15
Q
Theory
A
- Predicts relationships between constructs.
16
Q
What’s an example of theory?
A
- secure attachment reducing anxiety levels
17
Q
Hypothesis
A
- A testable prediction derived from theory, such as the likelihood that cheerful social interactions are reciprocated positively.
18
Q
Null Hypothesis
A
- Assumes no relationship between variables.
19
Q
What are the 2 characteristics of good theory?
A
1) Operationism
2) Evaluating Theory
20
Q
Operationism
A
- defines each theoretical concept with a single, observable measure.
21
Q
Evaluating Theory
A
- judging theories based on whether they make sense, are well supported, and align with good research practices.
22
Q
Idiographic Approach
A
- Focuses on individuals, often using qualitative or case study methods to understand specific cases in detail.
23
Q
Nomethetic Approach
A
- Emphasizes patterns across groups, using correlational methods to find relationships among variables.
24
Q
Case Studies
A
- In depth focus on one individual to uncover new phenomena and generate hypotheses.
25
Q
Qualitative Research
A
- Similar to case studies but focuses on descriptive accounts of small groups, aiming to capture meaningful in depth information about experiences.
26
Q
Quantitative Research
A
- Emphasizes statistical analysis and objective measurement, useful in examining broad patterns but may overlook nuanced insights.
27
Q
Correlational Studies
A
- Analyze how to variables move together. They offer more control than observational studies, but causation cannot be inferred
28
Q
Experimental Design
A
- used to assess treatment effects, with randomized control trials (RCTs) being the gold standard.
