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FALL2 MSK > LECTURE 5A: HIP ANATOMY > Flashcards

LECTURE 5A: HIP ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

hip joint resting position

A

30 degrees flexion
30 degrees abduction
slight ER

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2
Q

closed pack position of hip joint

A

full ER, IR, ABD

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3
Q

hip joint has ___ degrees of freedom

A

3 degrees

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4
Q

hip joint is a ____ joint

A

synovial joint
convEX FEMUR on concave acetabulum

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5
Q

the head of the femur is ____ than the acetabulum

A

larger
*medially, superiorly, anteriorly

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6
Q

James Cyriax capsular pattern of the hip joint

A
  1. flexion
  2. abduction
  3. IR (in some cases, IR limited most)

*hip is bread and butter for capsular pattern!

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7
Q

If I want SIJ manipulation, what position is hip joint?

A

closed packed
*full extension, IR, abduction

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8
Q

osteoarthritis of the hip (JOINT) likely presents with…

A

capsular pattern
*lose flexion first (you have the most ROM to lose) , then abduction, then IR

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9
Q

sometimes, hip dysfunction (capsular pattern) will not follow normal capsular pattern but will lose ___ ROM first

A

INTERNAL ROTATION

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10
Q

If you see loss of ___ and they are not naturally ___, be suspicious of capsular pattern

A

lose IR
not naturally retroverted

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11
Q

What is the hip joint designed for?

A

STABILITY (transmit force between pelvis and LE)
*stability>mobility

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12
Q

undercoverage of femoral head by acetabulum

A

Hip dysplasia

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13
Q

excessive bony development/over coverage of femoral head by acetabulum

A

Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI)

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14
Q

what is integral to successfully evaluating/treating hip dysfunction?

A

regional interdependence
*(treat back first if involved)

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15
Q

acetabulum is made of what three bones?

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

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16
Q

labral tear does what?

A

loss of negative pressure (passive stability) so MUSCLES PICK UP SLACK (fatigue)

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17
Q

The acetabulum faces ___, ___, ____ and is covered by ___

A

anterior, lateral, inferior
CONCAVE
covered by articular cartilage.

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18
Q

acetabular fossa is filled with ___

A

fat pad-important for shock absorption and proprioception

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19
Q

angle of inclination for femur in infants

A

150 (larger)

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19
Q

angulation of the femur (inclination) of the femoral neck/shaft NORMAL ADULTS

A

125-139 degrees

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20
Q

angle of inclination in elderly of femur

A

120

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21
Q

coxa valga is femur angle over ___

A

139 degrees

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22
Q

coxa vara is femur angle below ____

A

125

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23
Q

___ will cause shorter limb, STRUCTURAL LLD

A

coxa vara (more table top angle/sharper)

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24
Q

normal angle of torsion of femur (anteversion) for adults

A

10-15 degrees

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25
Q

normal angle of torsion of femur for infants

A

30 degrees

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26
Q

excessive anteversion is greater than ___ degrees

A

15 degrees

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27
Q

excessive anteversion causes

A

toe in, hip IR

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28
Q

excessive anteversion predisposes people to ____ and ___

A

OA and excessive anterior glide

29
Q

relative retroversion (less than 10) AND
absolute retroversion (less than 0)

A

cause TOE OUT AND HIP ER

30
Q

most common way to dislocate hip

A

POSTERIOR!
*thin/loose posterior and inferior

31
Q

The joint capsule is thick ____

A

anterior and superior (more predisposed to shorten/restriction)

32
Q

acetabular labrum

A

fibrocartilage,
attaches to acetabular margin
increases articulation congruency
disperses load

33
Q

only muscle that flexes hip at END RANGE HIP FLEXION

A

iliospsoas

34
Q

RECTUS FEMORIS

A
35
Q

TFL

A
36
Q

SARTORIUS

A
37
Q

GLUTE MED POSTERIOR FIBERS

A

EXTEND, Abduction, ER hip
*commonly weak

38
Q

___ fibers of glute med are most commonly weak

A

posterior fibers (extend, abduct, ER)

39
Q

glute med and min anterior fibers

A

flex
abduct
IR hip

40
Q

glute max does ____

A

extension, ER of hip
superior fibers: hip ABD
inferior fibers: hip ADD

41
Q

glute max is commonly atrophied in patients with

A

sway back
spine DJD
hip DJD

42
Q

What is potential site of sciatic entrapment?

A

pirformis

43
Q

medial hamstrings do what

A

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus
Extend and IR the hip
Flex and IR the knee

44
Q

Lateral hamstrings do what

A

Biceps femoris
Long head crosses 2 joints
Extends and ER the hip
Flexes and ER the knee

45
Q

What muscle most commonly strained in adductors?

A

adductor longus
(adducts, flexes hip

46
Q

pectineus

A

ADDucts, IR and flexes the hip

47
Q

gracilis

A

ADDucts the hip
IR and flexes the knee

48
Q

adductor longus/brevis

A

ADDucts and flexes the hip

49
Q

adductor magnus

A

ADDucts the hip
Anterior fibers flex the hip
Posterior fibers extend the hip

50
Q

which bursa are most clinically important?

A

iliopsoas
trochanteric bursa
ischiogluteal bursa

51
Q

Superior border: inguinal ligamental triangle

A

inguinal ligament

52
Q

Medial border: femoral triangle

A

adductor longus

53
Q

lateral border: femoral triangle

A

sartorius

54
Q

floor of femoral triangle

A

iliopsoas on lateral side
pectineus on medial side

55
Q

NERVES of muscles that cross the hip joint also supply the ____

A

joint capsule and the joint
*pain can be referred from hip to thigh, leg or foot! NERVE

56
Q

supply to the femoral head is from

A

ligamentum teres artery
*hip dislocation has chance of KILLING BLOOD SUPPLY

57
Q

flexion hip AROM

A

110-120

58
Q

hip extension AROM

A

10-15 degrees

59
Q

abduction hip AROM

A

30-50

60
Q

adduction hip ROM

A

25-30

61
Q

hip IR ROM

A

30-40

62
Q

hip ER ROM

A

40-60

63
Q

hip flexion arthrokinematics

A

spin
posterior glide

64
Q

hip extension arthrokinematics

A

Spin, anterior glide

65
Q

hip abduction arthrokinematics

A

inferior/medial glide

66
Q

hip adduction arthrokinematics

A

superior/lateral glide

67
Q

hip IR arthrokinematics

A

posterior glide

68
Q

hip ER arthrokinematics

A

anterior glide

69
Q

___% of the ____mm inserts into ITB

A

80% of GLUTE MAX inserts into ITB

FALL2 MSK (18 decks)

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