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CVPR 322 Physiologic assesment > Lecture 5 Oxygen > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Oxygen Flashcards

1
Q

Oxygen that diffuses from the lung or oxygenator into blood is carried in two forms

A

(PaO2)

SO2

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2
Q

Oxygen dissolved in plasma ?

Percentage?

A

PaO2

2%

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3
Q

Oxygen bound to hemoglobin ?

Percentage?

A

SO2

98%

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4
Q

Hb consist of____ heme groups, each heme molecule can carry 1 oxygen molecule

A

4

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5
Q

measurement of of the amount of oxygen bound to Hb measured in percent)

A

Oxygen Saturation

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6
Q

Hb + O2 =

A

HbO2

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7
Q

One gram of Hb can carry ?

A

1.36 mL O2

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8
Q

_____ _____ reflects optimal conditions that exist to facilitate oxygen loading ion the lung and unloading in the tissue

A

Sigmoid Shape

oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

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9
Q

oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve reflects a relationship between ____ ____ ?

A

Y= SO2 (Oxygen Saturation)

X = PO2 (Partial Pressure)

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10
Q

What does “Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity” mean ?

A

strength of bond between Hb and O2

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11
Q

P50

A

PO2 value where 50% of the hemoglobin is saturated

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12
Q

What is a normal P50 value under standard conditions ?

A

27 mmHg

(pH=7.40, PCO2=40mmHg,
37C, normal 2,3 DPG)

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13
Q

Picture the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, In arterial blood,
Large ∆s in PO2 result in

A

Small ∆s in SO2

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14
Q

Picture the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, In venous blood,
small ∆s in PO2 result in ?

A

large ∆s in SO2

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15
Q

4 things that can affect oxygen affinity ?

A
  • pH
  • Temperature
  • PCO2
  • 2,3 DPG (a byproduct
    of RBC metabolism)
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16
Q

Colder temp effects affinity shifts by ?

A

Increasing Affinity

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17
Q

Warmer temp effects affinity shifts by ?

A

Decreasing Affinity

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18
Q

What are the results of a LEFT shift in Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity ?

A

↑ affinity between O2 & hgb.

↑ pH
↓ PCO2
↓Temp
↓2,3-DPG

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19
Q

What are the results of a RIGHT shift in Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity ?

A

↓ affinity between O2 & hgb.

↓ pH
↑ PCO2
↑Temp
↑2,3-DPG

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20
Q

2,3 DPG

A

(a byproduct of RBC metabolism)

21
Q

Oxygen Saturation

A

ratio of oxygenated Hb: total Hb in 100 ml blood (%)

22
Q

Arterial Blood Oxygen Supply-Loading.

A

96 - 98%

23
Q

Venous Blood Oxygen Supply-Loading

A

65 - 75% (mixed), SvO2

24
Q

(CaO2)

A

(Oxygen Content)

The amount of oxygen in 100 ml of whole blood

25
Q

Normal Range for Oxygen Content (CaO2) ?

A

Normal Range = 17 - 20 %

26
Q

CaO2 equation ?

A

(1.36 x Hb x SO2) + (.0031 x PO2)

27
Q

Dissolved O2 is insignificant at normalCaO2 is highly dependent on what ?

A

[Hb] & Sats

28
Q

O2 bound to Hb

A

(1.36 x Hb x SO2)

29
Q

O2 dissolved

A

(.0031 x PO2)

30
Q

Oxygen (Delivery)

DO2

A

The amount of oxygen being delivered to the tissues. Units (mlO2/min)

31
Q

(DO2) equation ?

A

C.O. X CaO2 X 10

32
Q

Oxygen Consumption (extraction)

A

The total amount of oxygen consumed by the body per minute

33
Q

Oxygen Consumption (VO2) Used in conjunction with oxygen transport (DO2) to assess what?

A

the balance between oxygen supply & demand

34
Q

Oxygen Consumption (extraction) VO2 normal range ?

A

200 - 290 mlO2

35
Q

Primary Oxygen Consumption /extraction(VO2) equation ?

A

C.O. X 10 X Hgb X 1.36 X (SaO2 - SvO2)

36
Q

VO2 =

A

Oxygen Consumption /extraction

Normal range = 200 -290

37
Q

DO2 =

A

Oxygen Transport/Delivery
Normal Range =
900 - 1000 ml/min

38
Q

CaO2 =

A

Oxygen Content

Normal Range = 17 - 20 %

39
Q

Oxygen consumption is a good index of

A

oxygen requirements

40
Q

Dynamics of O2 Supply/Demand. If you ↑ C.O. you, ?

A

↓ O2 Supply

↑ O2 Demand

41
Q

Dynamics of O2 Supply/Demand. ↑ O2 Extraction is reflected by ?

A

Larger Arterial / Venous saturation difference.

42
Q

Dynamics of O2 Supply/Demand. What are the 3 compensatory mechanisms ?

A
  1. ) ↑ C.O.
  2. ) ↑ Extraction
  3. ) Selective Redistribution
43
Q

4 Specific Threats to O2 Balance ?

A
  1. ) ↑ O2 consumption
  2. ) ↓ in Hb
  3. ) ↓ in SaO2
  4. ) ↓ in C.O.
44
Q

Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturations (SvO2) equation ?

A

O2 delivered - O2 consumed

45
Q

A decrease in SvO2 indicates what ?

A

that the body has called upon its last line of defense to preserve O2 balance and intervention may be appropriate.

46
Q

Continuous In-Line Blood Monitoring of blood gas parameters improves and simplifies perfusion management. It also improves what ?

A

Patient Safety

47
Q

Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturations from a PA catheter ?

A

good mixing of IVC,SVC, and coronary sinus blood

48
Q

What do you do when on CPB:

SvO2 Drops from 80% to 60% over 5 minutes ?

A

↑ Flow

CVPR 322 Physiologic assesment (11 decks)

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