Lecture 5: Mapping the World Economy Flashcards
What are the 7 key factors of an industrial location ?
Access to inputs ( raw material, energy ) Availability of labour ( skills, qualifications ) Processing costs ( land, labour, capital) ‘ Pull’ of the market (depends on the product ) Transfer costs of alternative locations (Weber) Institutional and cultural factors ‘Behavioural’ considerations
Who are the Mid 20th century leaders
North America (Manufacturing Belt Vs. Sun Belt ) Europe Russia . Ukraine
Who are the late 20th Century industrial developments
East Asia ( Japan, China ) Four Asian Tigers
Is there an absolute correlation between abundant ressources and the level of industrialization
no Ex: Japan has a low level of availability and yet is extremely industrialized. Ex: Congo : high availability of ressources and yet underindustrialized.
2 examples of the availability of labour
India : high level of computer engineers Moncton, New Brunswick : call-centre capital of Canada because of its bilingual labour.
Explain Weber’s Model
In the Theory of Location of Industries, ( 1909), Weber minimizing three categories of costs: 1- most important : transportation 2- labour 3- agglomeration ( if industries are close enough, the engineers in industrial cluster will help each others )
Explain what is the pull of the market
Markleting strategy. The goal is that they consummer will go to the product.
3 examples of the institutional and cultural factors
taxs given by the gov employment regulations environmental regulations
Explain the behavioural considerations when an industry wants to chose its location
ex: 2 fast foods cahin come beside each others bc they wanna remove the distance factor of the choice of the buyer.
Examples of the light manufacturing activities
= goods that are produced at the farm level. No further manifacturation less capital-intensive than heavy industry Ex: paper industry Ex: food industry
heavy manufacturing activities
intermadiate goods that nedd further transformations capital intensive bc large and heavy equipment and facilities Ex: steel ( acier )
What do the Quaternary activities consist of ?
handling information Ex: law accounting consulting, apps labs for pharmaceutic etc
Picture the model of economi transition i.e. industrial development
peak : 1960s
Is the global distribution even ?
no
dominated by regions that industrialized early
what regions of the globe industrialized early ?
- North America
- Europe
- Russia and Ukraine
- East Asia ( among fastesy growing regions )
China, Japan, The Four Tigers
When occured to shift from the rust belt to the sun belt manufacturing
1970
Picture the manufacturing rust belt
New England - boston : what time of manufacturing
New England - boston : traditionnaly = light manufacturing activities ( testile and clothing );
today = electronics
What type of manufactures in New York ?
processed foods
apparel industries
book publishing
What type of manufactures does Pittsburgh produce ?
oldes steel producing centre of US
What type of manufactures does Philadelphia, Baltimore produce
heavy manufacturing industries
( steel, chemicals )
What type of manufacturing does the New Jersey produce
pahrmaceutical
What does the Upstate of Nwe Yoek produce
optical devices
What type of manufacturing goods does DEtroit produce
motor city
What type of manufacturing goods does Chicago produce
meat packing, trains
What type of manufacturing goods do Cleveland and Akron, Ohio produce
Tires
