Lecture 5 - IOT Architecture Flashcards
What are the 3 IOT Architecture Layers?
Application layer
Network Layer
Perception Layer
What is the Application Layer?
Responsible for delivering application services to the user, via interfaces, including dashboard, remote-control panel, and related business computing.
What is LoRa?
Stands for Long range (LoRa) and is a wireless modualtion technique dervived from Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) technology. It encodes information on radio waves using chirp pulses. LoRa modulated transmision is robust against distrubances and can be received across great distances
What is the Perception Layer?
Contains the sensors to gather data
What is the Network Layer?
Responsible for connecting to other devices or servers, including transmitting and processing the data from sensors
What is LoRaWAN?
Is a Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol built on top of LoRa modulation. It is a software layer which defines hwo devices use the LoRa hardware, for example when they transmit and format of messages
What is MQTT?
MQQT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a machine to machine connectivity protocol that runs over TCP/IP
What type of structure is MQTT based on?
It is based on a publish-subscribe structure:
- A publisher snds messages according to Topics to specified Brokers
- A Broker acts as a switchboard, accepting, messages from publishers on specified topics and sending them to subscribers to those Topics
- A subscriber receives messages from connected Brokers and specified Topics
- REFER TO SLIDE FOR VISUAL EXAMPLE
What is MQTT the standard for IOT Messaging?
As it is a lightweight machine to machine communication use for IOT senarios
Why is MQTT preferred for IOT?
Lightweight and Efficient
Reliable Message Delivery
Bi-directional Communication
Support for Unreliable Networks
Security Enabled
What the the more detailed understanding of the Application Layer?
Data becomes actionanble and meaningful to users
Has the ability to transfer technical data into user-friendly formats, enabling decision making, monitoring and control over IOT devices and system.
Makes the value of IOT accessible and useful in everyday applications
What are the components of the Application Layer?
User Interfaces (UI) - Dashboard, mobile apps and voice interfaces
APIs - Interfaces that allow different software components tp communicate, enabling data between exchange between IOT devices, applications and external services
Application Logic - Rules and algorithms that define the behaviour of IOT applications
Data Storage and Analytics - Tools and techniques for storing and analysing IOT data to extract insights, predict trends and make informed decisions
What are some examples of user interfaces?
Graphical UI, voice controlled interface and gesture-based interface
What are some useful cloud platforms for IOT?
The Things Network - provides a set of open tools and a global network to build your next IOT application at low cost and features security and is ready to scale
Amazon IOT Core - AWS IOT Core
Azure IOT Hub
Home Assisstant
Blynk
Node-Red
How does Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) function?
CoAP functions as a sort of HTTP or restricted devices, enabling equipment such as sensors or actuators to communicate on the IOT
These sensors and actuators are controlled and conrtibute by passing along their data as part of a system
It is designed for reliability in low bandwidth and high congestion through its low power consumption and low network overhead
In a network with a lot fo congestion or limited connectivity COAP can continue to work where TCP based protocols such as MQTT fail to exchange information and communicate effectively
