LECTURE 5 GENETIC INHERITANCE

Question 1

Meiosis

Answer 1

4 unique haploid cells from 1 diploid cell

Question 2

Meiosis:

Answer 2

creates 4 non-identical haploid cells from 1 diploid cell1 round of DNA replication followed by 2 rounds of division

INTERPHASE - DNA is replicated during S Phase
MIOSIS 1 - Homologous chromosomes separated (2n -> n)
Meiosis II- Sister chromatids separated

Question 3

Interphase:

Answer 3

DNA is replicated during S phase!

Question 4

Meiosis I:

Answer 4

Homologous chromosomes separated

Question 5

Meiosis II

Answer 5

Sister chromatids separated

Question 6

Prophase I:

Answer 6

• Crossing over

* Creates recombinant chromosomes

Question 7

•Metaphase I:

Answer 7

•Homologous chromosomes line up at metaphase plate

Question 8

•Anaphase I:

Answer 8

• Separates homologous chromosomes

* (Mitosis separates sister chromatids)

Question 9

Who showed autosomal traits can be dominant or recessive and which were his laws?

Answer 9

Mendel

• Law of Segregation
• Law of Independent Assortment

Question 10

How different can traits controlled by one gene be inherited?

Answer 10

• Autosomal dominant
• Autosomal recessive
• Co-dominant alleles
• Sex-linked traits
• Maternal (mitochondrial) inheritance

Question 11

Autosomal dominant examples

Answer 11

• Tongue rolling
• Free earlobes
• Mid-digital hair
• Bent little finger
• Widow’s peak
• Dimples

Question 12

•Autosomal recessive

Answer 12

• Tongue folding
• Hitchhiker’s thumb
• Albinism

Question 13

Sex Linked Genes

Answer 13

• Many more genes on X
• Recessive traits are much more commonly expressed in males
• Sex linked traits
• Color blindness
• Hemophilia