Lecture 5: Drought 2 Flashcards
Solutions: Monitoring and Managing drought-
Preparedness
Crop yield monitoring
Famine early warning systems
Solutions: Monitoring and Managing drought- adapting agriculture
Water efficiency
Drought tolerant varieties
Rainwater harvesting and local storage
Solutions: Monitoring and Managing drought- adapting water use
Water conservation
Wastewater re-use
Solutions: Monitoring and Managing drought- increasing the storage buffer
Dams (but problems)
Recharging groundwater
Drought preparedness & response
Aim at strengthening early warning
Improve readiness measures to respond in the event of a drought.
Ensure human capacity for drought response
Preparedness: Agricultural monitoring systems
Several global/regional scale systems in place – with common data needs, few common standards and protocols and inconsistent results
Most countries have a national agricultural monitoring system
Solutions: The Famine Early Warning System (FEWS) Net
“To strengthen the abilities of African countries and regional organizations to manage threats of food insecurity, through the provision of timely and analytical early warning and vulnerability information”
Coverage:
Solutions: The Famine Early Warning System (FEWS) Net
Standardized precipitation anomaly
NDVI timeseries
Sate little altimetry lake water levels
water requirement satisfaction index
final report
Adapting agriculture to drought:
Water efficiency (smart irrigation)
Choice of crops
Drought tolerant varieties
Rainwater harvesting, water transfer and local storage
Adapting water use
Reducing use (conservation). Low flush, low flow, reuse of grey water, rainwater harvesting, native plant gardens
Desalinization (in 1999 14,451 desalination plants operated worldwide. Costly in terms of energy. Water may only be useful for some purposes.
Industrial and agricultural wastewater filtration/recycling for grey water uses
Increasing the storage buffer
Recharge wells (Jessour)
Water harvesting - Aljibe
Small Dams
IWRM – Integrated water resources management
The basis of Integrated Water resources Management (IWRM) is that different uses of water are interdependent.
