Lecture 5- Caries and diet

Question 1

recent review of evidence linking tooth decay and sugar consumption by the WHO and an article by JDR resulted in new guideline for sugar consumption be reduced to no more than … % of total calories or roughly … grams per day

Answer 1

10%

50 grams

Question 2

what did the vipeholm study show?

Answer 2

sugar between meals is what causes a skyrocket increase in caries

sticky candy is worse than non (toffee more than caramel)

Question 3

why does sucrose promote smooth surface caries more than fructose?

Answer 3

glucosyl transferase molecules grab sucrose preferentially and make ECM

Question 4

examples of alcohol sugars (do not cause tooth decay because they do not produce acid)

Answer 4

mannitol
sorbitol
xylitol

Question 5

T/F xylitol is better than other alcohol sugars

Answer 5

false. no evidence

Question 6

why is chewing sugarless gum caries-preventative?

Answer 6

substitute for other sugars and stimulates saliva flow

Question 7

aspartame is not safe in individuals with …

Answer 7

phenylketonuria

Question 8

is aspartame heat stable?

Answer 8

no, so its not in baked goods but is in soda

Question 9

… was the original artifical sweetener

Answer 9

saccharin

Question 10

is saccharin heat stable?

Answer 10

yes so can be used in baked goods

Question 11

… is widely used in toothpastes

Answer 11

saccharin

Question 12

… is a highly intense sweetener that is 200 times sweeter than sucrose and is temperature stable

Answer 12

acesulfame-K

Question 13

… is 600 times sweeter than sucrose

Answer 13

sucralose

Question 14

(T/F) Poor mineralized of teeth in the presence of bacteria is enough to form rampant caries

Answer 14

False, need sugar to develop caries

Question 15

What happens to microbioto when someone consistently consumes more sucrose?

Answer 15

higher selection of bacteria good at making and tolerating acids (S. mutans)

Question 16

Rank the following on amount of cariogenicity:

• fructose
• cooked starched
• sucrose

Answer 16

sucrose>fructose>cooked starches

Question 17

Patients with (low or high concentrations) S. mutans will stay below critical pH longer after sugar intake

Answer 17

high concentrations S. mutans

Question 18

Are no-calorie and low-calorie sweeteners cariogenic?

Answer 18

No, why they are a good substitute for reducing caries

Question 19

What is the #1 selling item in grocery stores? Is is cariogenic?

Answer 19

soda, yes, leading source of added sugar in US diet