Lecture 4- Fluoride Flashcards
fluorosis was related to fluoride levels in drinking water in the … and its relationship to lowered caries was noted
1930s
the ideal concentration of … was determined to maximize caries benefit and minimize fluourosis and caries reduced by …%
1 ppm
50%
very high levels of fluoride during the secretory stage of the ameloblasts laying down the protein matrix can cause … and … in form (although not common)
pitting
distrubances
even chronic moderately high levels of fluoride during the …. stage cause disruptions in crystal formation that appear as a chalky whiteness and weakness of enamel. after eruption the weakened emanmel may fracture and stain
is this common or not?
pre-eruptive maturation
yes
T/F there is benefit of fluoridated water before tooth eruption
false
What ions exist in young teeth? What are they replaced by in mature enamel?
young teeth
carbonate and sodium
mature enamel
carbonate > phosphate
sodium > calcium
OH > fluoride ion
HA starts dissolving at what pH?
5.5
CaF2 starts to precipitate with [F-] above ….
100ppm
(T/F) Fluorosis can only occur when teeth are developing
true
Bacteria (is or is not) resistant to F-.
Fluoride inhibits what enzyme in bacteria
is not
inhibits enolase (lactate production)
Self applied fluoride delivery relies on high ….. but low …. of fluoride while professionally applied fluoride relies on high … and low …..
Self applied = high frequency, low concentration
Professional = high concentration but low frequency
Which of the following has the greatest reduction in caries? fluoride foam, gel, varnish, or rinse?
varnish = 40% reduction
rest are 30% reduction
(T/F) Caries benefit is related to both the concentration of fluoride and the amount of toothpaste
false, just the concentration of fluoride, not amount of toothpaste
Chalky white enamel is a sign of …..
fluorosis
What is the bodies mechanism to control concentration of fluoride?
There is none. It depends on daily intake and how much is stored
