lecture 5

Question 1

What is the Basic anatomy of the spinal cord

Answer 1

foramen Magnum- opening at the base of the skull, ends at the inferior border of 1st lumbar vertebra (L1)
-the spinal cavity within vertebrae

Question 2

What are the associated structures of the spinal cord

Answer 2

Meningeal sack - spinal cord sits within this sack filled with fluid
conus medularis - tapered cone of non-neural tissue end of spinal cord
Filum terminale- extends from conus medularis to end of the spinal cavity, anchors spinal cord, fibrous, non-neural tissue.

Question 3

how many segments does the spinal cord have

Answer 3

31 segments

Question 4

How do spinal nerves relate to the spinal cord

Answer 4

one pair(left/right) of spinal nerves come off at each spinal cord segment
(8 cervical spinal nerves even though there are 7 cervical vertebrae)
spinal nerves exit the vertebral column at the level appropriate to their origin

Question 5

what is the Cauda Equina

Answer 5

A large collection of long nerves inferior to the end of the spinal cord

Question 6

What parts of the spinal cord are white matter (axons)

Answer 6

Dorsal White Column
Lateral White Column
Ventral White Column

Question 7

What parts of the spinal cord are grey matter (cell bodies)

Answer 7

Dorsal Grey Horn
Lateral Grey Horn
Ventral Grey Horn

Question 8

What information does the Dorsal division deal with

Answer 8

Sensory (afferent)

Question 9

What information does the Ventral division deal with

Answer 9

motor (efferent)

Question 10

What part of the PNS delivers sensory information to the spinal cord (CNS)

Answer 10

the Dorsal root ganglion (cell bodies) and Doral nerve root (axon)

Question 11

What part of the CNS spinal cord sends motor information into the PNS

Answer 11

Motor information leaves through the ventral roots into effectors in the body from the ventral grey matter

Question 12

What is in the Ventral Horns

Answer 12

Somatic motor neurons (control over)

Question 13

What is in the Lateral Horns

Answer 13

Autonomic motor neurons (involuntary)

Question 14

How does sensory information go into the spinal cord

Answer 14

cell bodies of sensory neurons are in the dorsal root ganglion

• Dendrites (input zone) out in body contain receptors for sensory stimulus
• Axon enters the spinal cord through dorsal roots

Question 15

What information does the spinal nerve carry

Answer 15

both Efferent and Afferent

Question 16

What does the spinal nerve become

Answer 16

Rami, there is a dorsal ramus and a ventral ramus

Rami communicate to sympathetic ganglion

Question 17

What information does the Dorsal Ramus carry and in what directions

Answer 17

Efferent - to back

Afferent - from back

Question 18

What information does the Ventral Ramus carry and in what directions

Answer 18

Efferent - to the ventral body

Afferent - from the ventral body

Question 19

What is the Structure of a Peripheral Nerve

Answer 19

Axons covered with Endoneurium
Endoneurium covered axon - bundled into a fascicle
Fasicles covered in Perineurium
Bundled with the blood vessel to form a nerve
Nerve covered by epineurium