Lecture 5

Question 1

Demodex life cycle

Answer 1

Normal inhabitant
Obligate parasite
25-30 days
Feeds on cellular debris
Goes from egg to 6 legs to 8 legged nymph to 8 legged adult

Question 2

How is it transmitted

Answer 2

Bitch to puppies in 1-3 days of life

Question 3

How does demodex cause dises

Answer 3

Abnormal proliferation

Question 4

Pathogenesis of demodex

Answer 4

Deficient cell mediated immune response
Genetics
Immunosuppression
Bacterial folliculitis

Question 5

Contagious or zoonotic?

Answer 5

No and no

Question 6

Clin signs of demodex

Answer 6

Papules/pustules, erythema, alopecia, scaling/crusting, comedones

Question 7

Demodex diagnosis

Answer 7

Deep skin scrapes
Hair plucks
Biopsy (shar peis, scar tissues, pododermatitis)

Question 8

What forms of demodex are there

Answer 8

Juvenile- local or general
Adult- local or general

Small breeds- 12 mo
Large breeds- 18 mo
Giant breeds- 24 mo

Question 9

What is localized juvenile demodex

Answer 9

Mites in 1/5 areas from deep skin scrapes

Question 10

Prognoses for localized juvenile demodex

Answer 10

Good!

90% will clear spontaneously

Question 11

Treatment for juvenile localized demodex

Answer 11

Benign neglect
Abx if pustular
TLC

NO steroids or antimite therapy

Question 12

What is generalized demodex

Answer 12

5 localized lesions or more

2 or more feet

Question 13

What causes generalized juvenile demodex? What is prognosis?

Answer 13

Hereditary- spay/neuter

50-50 will self clear

Question 14

What causes generalized adult demodex

Answer 14

Juvenile that never cleared
Underlying immunosuppression (steroids, endocrine, metabolic, neoplasic)

May have pododemodicosis

Question 15

Treatment for gneralized demodex

Answer 15

Miticide
Abx until first neg scrape
Benzoyl peroxide shampoo

Question 16

What are you miticide options

Answer 16

Amitraz- only FDA approved treatment

Ivermectin

Milbemycin

Question 17

Who should you be careful to use amitraz in

Answer 17

Toy breeds
Sick old patients
Extensive ulcerations

*also owners with asthma, diabetes, or taking MOA

Question 18

What should you use in amitraz resistant cases? Who should you not use it in

Answer 18

Ivermectin

Collies/ border collies
Shelties
OESD
Australian shephers
“White feet dont treat”

Question 19

What are options for dogs that can’t get ivermectin

Answer 19

Moxidectin
Bravecto
Nexgard
Simparica

Question 20

What should you always include on your deep skin scrap

Answer 20

Muzzle

Two feet

Question 21

When can you stop treatment

Answer 21

3 consecutive neg skin scrapes at 4 wk intervals

Question 22

Species of feline demodex

Answer 22

D. Cati
D. Gatoi

Rare

Question 23

Where does d. Cati go? What causes it? How to dx?

Answer 23

Follicles

Head and neck pruritus

Immunosuppression- diabetes, FeLV/FIV, metabolic dz

Deep skin scrape

Question 24

Where does d. Gatoi go? What causes it? How to dx?

Answer 24

S.corneum

Contagious

Pruritic on trunk and head/neck

Superficial skin scraping

Question 25

Treatment for D. Cati

Answer 25

Ivermectin
Lymdyp

NOT amitraz

Question 26

Treatment for d. Gatoi

Answer 26

Lymdyp

E collar

Treat all cats in contact