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Derm > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Three parts to ectoparasite control

A
  1. Kill adults on pet with parasiticides
  2. Prevent life cycle progression on the pet with IGRs
  3. Control for adults and babies in the environment
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2
Q

What do parasiticides target

A

Axon (Na, GABA, glutamate, Cl)

Synapse (Ca, acetylcholine, acetycholinesterase)

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3
Q

Which parasiticides attack the axon

A

Pyrethrins/pyrethroids

Metaflumizone/indoxacarb

Macrocyclic lactones

Fipronil

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4
Q

Which parasiticides attack the synapse

A

Organophosphates/ carbamates

Spinosad/ spinoteram

Imidacloprid/ nitepyran/ dinotefuran

Amitraz

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5
Q

What does pyrethrins do

A

Increase Na permeability on axon

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6
Q

Good and bad of pyrethrins?

A

Good- safe for cats and puppies

Bad- UV inactivated, short acting

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7
Q

What do pyrethroids do

A

Increase Na on axon

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8
Q

Good and bad of pyrethroids

A

Good- binds well, photostable, lasts longer than pyrethrin, repels if greater than 2%

Bad- toxic to cats!! (Greater than 0.5% is bad)

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9
Q

Which vet products have permethrin

A

Advantix II

Actvivyl plus (plus indoxacarb)

Vectra 3D

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10
Q

What is detamethrin

A

Pyrethroid

Collar

Can cause local irritation

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11
Q

What does indoxacarb do

A

Blocks Na at axons

Uses metabolic bioactivation in the flea

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12
Q

What does fipronil do

A

Inhibits GABA

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13
Q

What product contains fipronil?

Good and bad about it?

A

Frontline

Good- IGR and adulticide, safe in cats

Bad- does not repel

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14
Q

What is effitix

A

Has fipronil and permethrin

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15
Q

What is tritak

A

Dogs- has fipronil, cypehnothrin, and methoprene

Cats- fipronil, etofenprox, and methoprene

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16
Q

What is bravecto

A

Fluralaner
Inhibits arthropod GABA
Effective for demodex
Also topical

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17
Q

What is nexgard

A

Afoxolaner
Same as fluralaner
Dogs only

18
Q

What is simparica

A

Sarolaner

More effective towards the end of the month than nexgard

19
Q

What parasiticides are no longer recommended due to there toxic effects

A

Organophosphates and carbamates

20
Q

What does spinosad do

A

Activates nACh receptors

21
Q

What products contain spinosad

A

Comfortis, trifexis

22
Q

Who should spinosad be avoided in

A

Dogs receiving ivermectin because it lowers threshold for seizures

23
Q

What does spinoteram do

A

Alters function of nicotinic and GABA channels

24
Q

What does imidacloprid do

A

Binds and stimulates nACh receptors

25
Q

Which products contain imidacloprid

A

Advantage II and multi
Advantix II
Seresto

26
Q

Which products contain nitenpyram

A

Capstar

Bad because only lasts 24 hrs

27
Q

What contains dinotefuran

A

Vectra 3D

Has IGR, adulticide and repellant in one product!

Has permethrin so toxic to kitties

28
Q

What are IGRs

A

Methoprene
Pyriproxifen
Lufenuron

29
Q

How methoprene work

A

Mimics JH-1 which prevents molting

30
Q

Which products have methoprene

A

Precor

Frontline plus

31
Q

Which products have pyriproxifen

A

Nylar, vectra 3D

32
Q

How does luferuron work

A

Inhibits chitin synthesis

33
Q

What is bad about luferuron

A

There is a 3 month lag phase if this product is used alone

34
Q

How do macrocyclic lactones work

A

Increase GABA and glutamate

35
Q

What products have macrocyclic lactones

A

Sentinel and novartis have milbemycin

Ivermectin and heart guard

Revolution has selamectin

Advantage multi has moxidectin

36
Q

What does amitraz do

A

MOAI

**toxic in horses and cats

37
Q

What product has amitraz and fipronil

A

Certifect

38
Q

Options for non chemical approach

A

Diatomaceous earth
Beneficial nematodes
Sodium polyborate

39
Q

General rules for environmental flea control

A

Focus on dark, moist areas
Repeat every 3 weeks at the peak of season
Combine adulticide and IGR

40
Q

Products with large amounts of permethrin

A

Advantix II
Effitix
Actvivyl
Vectra 3D

41
Q

Products safe for cats

A 
Advantage
Frontline for cats
Fipronil
Activyl
Vectra for cats
Revolution

Derm (10 decks)

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