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Neuro > lecture 5/6 > Flashcards

lecture 5/6 Flashcards

1
Q

most anterior part of cerebellum vermis

A

nodule

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2
Q

function cerebellum

A

receives proprioception
coordinates balance
eye hand coordination
predicts consequences of movement

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3
Q

T/F cerebellum is coordinator and predictor of corticol output

A

true

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4
Q

T/F cerebellum not needed for skilled manipulation of mm

A

false, its critical

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5
Q

T/F cerebellum used for skilled manipulation of mental concepts

A

t

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6
Q

cerebellum mutism

A

not able to speak, can’t predict

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7
Q

information the cerebellum gets

A

cortical
proprioception
vestibular

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8
Q

vestibular information

A

project to paravermis / flocculonodular lobe
position head/ body in space
orient eye movements during locomotion

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9
Q

proprioceptive information

A

ia, II fibres from mm to
Ib from golgi tendon organs

from clarkes column

terminate in anterior lobe /vermis

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10
Q

anterior lobe associated w

A

limbs

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11
Q

vermis associated w

A

limb

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12
Q

cortical information

A

cortex projects to continue nuclei

fine motor UE, hand dexterity / eye coordination

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13
Q

olivocerebellar fibers

A

afferents from olive project to entire cerebellum cortex

climbing fibres

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14
Q

outflow from cerebellum

A

via deep cerebellar nuclei
dentatorubrothalmic tract
to vestibular nuclei / olives

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15
Q

dentatorubrothalmic tract

A

from dentate to red to thalamus to cortex

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16
Q

archicerebellum =

A

vestibulocerebellum

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17
Q

paleocerebellum =

A

spinocerebellum

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18
Q

neocerebellum =

A

cerebrocerebllum

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19
Q

vestibulocerebellum

A

flocculonodular lobe and paravermis

feedback to vestibular nuclei / SC

trunk control

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20
Q

spinocerebellum

A

vermis and anterior lobe

feedback to cortex/ SC

extremities

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21
Q

cerebrocerebllum

A

posterior lobe

topographical of extremity
eye movement
speech
coordination of movement

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22
Q

cerebellar loops

A

vestibulocerebllear
spinocerebellar
cerebrocerebllar

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23
Q

what do cerebellar loops allow

A

coordinated balance smooth movement

anticipation of movement

predictions that feedback to the loop

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24
Q

what fine tunes ongoing movements

A

spinocerebllar loop

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25
Q

information from __ to pontine uncle cross over to

A

cortex

contralateral cerebellum

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26
Q

red nucleus

A

relay nucleus

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27
Q

T/F olives project to all of the cerebellum

A

true

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28
Q

what calculates feed forward loops

A

olives

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29
Q

what does automation of cortical output

A

spinocerebellar loop

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30
Q

midline cerebellar disease

A

gait difficulty
imbalance
abnormal head posture
oculomotor dysfunction

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31
Q

lesion to flocculonodular node

A

truncal ataxia

nystagmus

32
Q

lateral cerebellar disease

A

posterior lobe function

cerebellum mutism 
eye / speech movement 
coordinate movements
dysmetria 
dysdiokinesiea
33
Q

dysmetria

A

over n under shoot

34
Q

dysdiokinesiea

A

rapid agonist antagonist movements

35
Q

lesions to anterior lobe

A

affects spinocerebllear input

gait ataxia

36
Q

ethanol is toxic to what

A

purkinje cells

37
Q

ethanol effects which lobe

A

anterior

38
Q

is ethanol and gait ataxia reversible

A

usually

39
Q

when is ethanol gait ataxia not reversible

A

chronic alcoholic

40
Q

T/F cerebellum related to emotion / cognition

A

yes

41
Q

cerebellum emotion / intellectual processing

A

judge facial expression

language (grammar adjustments)

neuropsychiatric manifestions

42
Q

neuropsychiatric manifestions

A

exaggerated or diminution of repose to environment in automatic processing of emotions

43
Q

T/F cerebellum effects communciton with non motor cognitive association areas

A

yes

44
Q

interaction between cerebellum / cognitive cortical networks

A

interaction with cerebral executive control

interaction with default mode network

45
Q

function basal ganglia

A

modulate voluntary motor activity

46
Q

three circuits in basal ganglia

A

motor
associative
limbic

47
Q

motor circuit

A

controls body and eye movements

direct/indirect pathway

48
Q

associative circuit

A

higher level cognitive function (planning)

49
Q

limbic circuit

A

emotional / motivational processing

50
Q

activity in basal ganglia encodes for

A

decision to move

direction/ amplitude of movement

motor expression of emotion

efficiency of movement (procedure)

51
Q

T/F thamalus under acute inhibition when we are not moving

A

false chronic

52
Q

release inhibtion model components

A

direct and indirect pathway

53
Q

direct pathway

A

release tonic inhibition of thalamus

leads to more execution of motor cortex

54
Q

indirect pathway

A

inhibit output from thalamus

less execution of motor cortex

55
Q

input to

A

caudate and putamens

56
Q

output from

A

globus pallidus

57
Q

what pathway facilities target orientated movements

A

direct

58
Q

which pathway impacts potentially competing movements

A

indirect pathways

59
Q

T/f direct and indirect pathways are simultaneous

A

true

60
Q

T/F direct and indirect pathways do not provide fine balance for cortical output

A

false, they do

61
Q

diseases related to lesions in basal ganglia

A

parkinsons
ballism
huntingtons
tourettes, OCD

62
Q

parskinsons

A

inhibition of motor output

weaker direct pathway

decrease in movement and facial expression

63
Q

ballism / huntingtons disease

A

excessive motor output

64
Q

T/f basal ganglia related to nearo disorders

A

yea Tourettes and OCD

65
Q

ballism

A

sudden uncontrolled flinging of movements of extremities

66
Q

underlying cause of ballism

A

stroke of contralateral subthalmic nucleus

67
Q

hemi ballism

A

loss indirect pathway
more involuntary motor output
can’t suppress the extra movements

68
Q

huntingtons

A

degeneration of striatum
hyperkinetic movement disorder
direct n indirect pathway effected

69
Q

parts of striatum

A

caudate and putamen

70
Q

damage to striatum effects

A

direct n indirect pathway

71
Q

hypokinesia akinesia and hypminmia loss or decrease associated with what disease

A

parkinson

72
Q

parsons does what to inhibition

A

inhibits it less (so more left over)

excited the inhibition (adding even more)

73
Q

t/f damage to substance nigra related to Parkinson’s

A

yes

74
Q

how do basal ganglia interact w rest of brain

A

the three circuits

75
Q

mask face or rich in dopaminergic neutrons what circuit

A

limbic

76
Q

are all basal ganglia circuits working seperate or at once

A

at once

Neuro (25 decks)

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