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2 Neuroanatomy > Lecture 5/6 > Flashcards

Lecture 5/6 Flashcards

1
Q

DCML

A

conveys proprioception, vibration, fine touch

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2
Q

Anterolateral pathways

A

has three tracts
spinothalamic
spinoreticular
spinomesencephalic

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3
Q

ALS conveys

A

pain, temperature, crude touch

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4
Q

ALS First order neuron

A

enter via dorsal root entry zone
ascend and descend via Lissauer’s tract
synapse in gray matter of dorsal horn

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5
Q

Second order neuron ALS

A

cross over in anterior commissure
run inbetween inferior olives and inferior cerebellar peduncles
enter tegmentum, and medial lemniscus

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6
Q

3rd order neuron ALS/spinothalamic

A

VPL = internal capsule, corona radiata, SI
VMP = projects to insular cortex, stimulus quality
MN = cingulate gyrys, emotional, learning, memory

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7
Q

3rd order neuron spinoreticular tract

A

reticular formation in medulla and pons
goes to amygdala
receives sensory info that regulates arousal

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8
Q

3rd order neuron spinomesencephalic tract

A

terminates in midbrain tectum and PAG
vision, hearing, orienting head
pain transmission to spinal cord

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9
Q

Somatosensory cortex….

A

projects to the secondary somatosensory association cortex
lesions = cortical sensory loss

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10
Q

Descending pathway of pain

A

controls or inhibits pain as needed

PAG neurons in midbrain go down and synapse with raphe nuclei in medulla. use serontonin

serotonin controls the 1st and 2nd order synpases going UP

interneuron is also used to inhibit the 1st and 2nd order neuron

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11
Q

Visceral pain

A

neurons in dorsal horn of all parts of sacral to thoracic receive input from organs

neurons for these pains stay ipislateral and follow DCML pathway

visceral info and cutaneous info can be confused in lamina V because the two receptors converge

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12
Q

Lateral corticospinal tract conveys

A

motor

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13
Q

Primary motor cortex is the same as….

A

brodmann’s area 4
precentral gyrus
M1

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14
Q

Primary sensory cortex is the same as….

A

brodmann’s area 1,2,3
postcentral gyrus
S1

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15
Q

Substantia gelatinosa

A

important in pain

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16
Q

Feedback loops

A

the cerebellum and basal ganglia form these
project back to the cortex via thalamus

17
Q

Upper motor neurons

A

carry motor system outputs
arise from cerebral cortex and brainstem
descend
have both lateral and medial UMN

18
Q

Lower motor neurons

A

located in spinal cord and brain stem
project to muscles
classified as alpha, gamma, beta

19
Q

Alpha motor neurons

A

large vell bodies and axons innervating skeletal muscle

20
Q

Gamma motor neurons

A

small axon fiber and innervate muscle spindles

21
Q

Beta motor neurons

A

innervate muscle fibers

22
Q

Lateral corticospinal tract

A

most CLINICALLY important descending
originate in primary motor cortex –> corona radiata –> post internal capsule –> SKIP THALAMUS –> midbrain cerebral peduncles –> basis pons –> cross in pyramids –>spinal cord

23
Q

Rubrospinal tract

A

Red nucleus of midbrain –> cross in ventral tegmentum –> descends in pons and medulla –> ends in cervical spine in lateral column

24
Q

Ventral corticospinal tract

A

cortical layer of cerebral cortex –> corona radiata –> post limb of internal capsule –> SKIP THALAMUS –> midbrain cerebral peduncles –> basis pons –> pyramids –> ends in upper thoracic

25
Q

Lateral corticospinal purpose

A

movement of contralateral limbs

26
Q

Rubrospinal tract purpose

A

movement of contralateral limbs
uncertain function in humans

27
Q

Anterior corticospinal tract purpose

A

control of bilateral axial and girdle muscles

28
Q

Medial VST purpose

A

positioning of head and neck

29
Q

Lateral VST purpose

A

balance

30
Q

Reticulospinal tract purpose

A

autonomic posture and gait-related movements

31
Q

Tectospinal tract purpose

A

coordination of head and eye movements
uncertain in humans

32
Q

Lateral VT

A

vestibular nucleus in pons –> lateral tegmentum in medulla –> entire spinal cord in Rexed 7

33
Q

Medial VT

A

medial, inferior vestibular nuclei, medulla –> medial longitudinal fasciculus –> cervical spinal cord

34
Q

Tectospinal tract

A

superior colliculus midbrain –> crosses in tegmentum midbrain –> central tegmentum medulla –> ventral column of SC, Rex 7 –> ends in cervical

35
Q

Pontine reticulosponal tract

A

pontine reticular formation –> central tegmentum –> ventral spinal cord, Rex 7 & 8 –> ends in sacral spine

36
Q

Medullary reticulosponal tract

A

medullary reticular formation –> central tegmentum –> ventral spinal cord Rex 7 &8 –> ends in sacrum

2 Neuroanatomy (14 decks)

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