Lecture 5

Question 1

The autonomic nervous system controls everything except what?

Answer 1

Skeletal muscle

Question 2

Where do the pre-synaptic fibers leave the spine in the sympathetic divisors?

Answer 2

At the level of the thoracic vertebrae and upper lumbar

Question 3

Where do sympathetic division synapse?

Answer 3

In the paravertebral chain

Question 4

In the sympathetic, is pre or post longer?

Answer 4

Post is longer and pre is shorter

Question 5

What does the sympathetic innervates?

Answer 5

Innervates walls of organs, glands and smooth muscle

Question 6

What is sympathetic mediated through?

Answer 6

Epi and norepinephrine

Question 7

Pre synaptic fibers leave the spine at what level for the parasympathetic?

Answer 7

Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and sacrum

Question 8

Where does parasympathetic synapse?

Answer 8

In or near the target organ

Question 9

In parasympathetic, does pre or post have longer?

Answer 9

Pre is short and post is long

Question 10

What is the parasympathetic mediated by?

Answer 10

Acetylcholine

Question 11

What NT is present on pre and posy synaptic for PNS?

Answer 11

Acetylcholine!!

• nicotinic receptor on post
• muscarinic on target

Question 12

SNS has what NT for pre always?

Answer 12

Acetylcholine

Question 13

What NT is USUALLY for post on SNS?

Answer 13

Norepinephrine

Question 14

What NT is for post synaptic for sweat glands?

Answer 14

Acetylcholine

Question 15

What NT is for post for SNS on kidneys?

Answer 15

Dopamine

Question 16

What does the adrenal medulla function as for the SNS?

Answer 16

A post-synaptic neuron

Question 17

The autonomic nervous system ganglia forms __________ where NTs are stored

Answer 17

Varicosities

Question 18

NT are stored in vesicles with _____________ and released onto smooth muscle

Answer 18

Neuromodulators

Question 19

Both divisions of the autonomic NS have what kind of receptors on their pre synaptic nerves?

Answer 19

Nicotinic

Question 20

The parasympathetic has what kind of receptors on target organs?

Answer 20

Muscarinic (M2 and M3)

Question 21

The SNS has what kind of receptors on target organs?

Answer 21

Adrenergic receptors (alpha and beta 1 and 2)

Question 22

Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor regulates what? It modifies the SNS response by what? What is the mechanism?

Answer 22

• regulates release of epi and norepinephrine
• modulates by a negative feedback loop
• it inhibits cAMP which inactivates calcium so NT are not released

Question 23

Maximal effect of dual innervation requires….

Answer 23

-full stimulation by one and full stop of stimulation of the other

Question 24

In most organs, which division predominates the resting tone>

Answer 24

PNS

Question 25

What part of the body is not under tonic PNS control?

Answer 25

The freaking heart

Question 26

The dilator muscle is innervates by what? Constrictor?

Answer 26

Dilator: SNS Constrictor: PNS

Question 27

Is accommodation autonomic mediated?

Answer 27

Oh hell yea

Question 28

The detruser muscle of the bladder is controlled by which division when it is relaxed?

Answer 28

Relaxed-sym | Contracted-PNS

Question 29

The internal sphincter of the bladder is controlled by what division?

Answer 29

Relaxed: PNS Contracted:SYM

Question 30

Which division could we still live without if he had to?

Answer 30

Sympathetic

Question 31

What do afforestation sensory nerves do?

Answer 31

Carry information to appropriate region of the brain or hypothalamus

Question 32

What do efferent nerves do?

Answer 32

Carry responses to the target organ

Question 33

What nerve usually acts as the efferent nerve in the PNS?

Answer 33

Vagus

Question 34

What do baroreceptors do?

Answer 34

Sense a drop in blood pressure

Question 35

The SNS efferent response is carried along what nerve?

Answer 35

Thoracic nerves

Question 36

What is the mechanism for normalizing blood pressure?

Answer 36

Reduce PNS on the SA node and increase heart rate Increase SNS on the SA node and increase heart rate Increase adrenal release and increase heart rate