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Physiology 1 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The autonomic nervous system controls everything except what?

A

Skeletal muscle

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2
Q

Where do the pre-synaptic fibers leave the spine in the sympathetic divisors?

A

At the level of the thoracic vertebrae and upper lumbar

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3
Q

Where do sympathetic division synapse?

A

In the paravertebral chain

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4
Q

In the sympathetic, is pre or post longer?

A

Post is longer and pre is shorter

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5
Q

What does the sympathetic innervates?

A

Innervates walls of organs, glands and smooth muscle

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6
Q

What is sympathetic mediated through?

A

Epi and norepinephrine

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7
Q

Pre synaptic fibers leave the spine at what level for the parasympathetic?

A

Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and sacrum

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8
Q

Where does parasympathetic synapse?

A

In or near the target organ

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9
Q

In parasympathetic, does pre or post have longer?

A

Pre is short and post is long

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10
Q

What is the parasympathetic mediated by?

A

Acetylcholine

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11
Q

What NT is present on pre and posy synaptic for PNS?

A

Acetylcholine!!

  • nicotinic receptor on post
  • muscarinic on target
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12
Q

SNS has what NT for pre always?

A

Acetylcholine

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13
Q

What NT is USUALLY for post on SNS?

A

Norepinephrine

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14
Q

What NT is for post synaptic for sweat glands?

A

Acetylcholine

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15
Q

What NT is for post for SNS on kidneys?

A

Dopamine

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16
Q

What does the adrenal medulla function as for the SNS?

A

A post-synaptic neuron

17
Q

The autonomic nervous system ganglia forms __________ where NTs are stored

A

Varicosities

18
Q

NT are stored in vesicles with _____________ and released onto smooth muscle

A

Neuromodulators

19
Q

Both divisions of the autonomic NS have what kind of receptors on their pre synaptic nerves?

A

Nicotinic

20
Q

The parasympathetic has what kind of receptors on target organs?

A

Muscarinic (M2 and M3)

21
Q

The SNS has what kind of receptors on target organs?

A

Adrenergic receptors (alpha and beta 1 and 2)

22
Q

Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor regulates what? It modifies the SNS response by what? What is the mechanism?

A
  • regulates release of epi and norepinephrine
  • modulates by a negative feedback loop
  • it inhibits cAMP which inactivates calcium so NT are not released
23
Q

Maximal effect of dual innervation requires….

A

-full stimulation by one and full stop of stimulation of the other

24
Q

In most organs, which division predominates the resting tone>

A

PNS

25
Q

What part of the body is not under tonic PNS control?

A

The freaking heart

26
Q

The dilator muscle is innervates by what? Constrictor?

A

Dilator: SNS
Constrictor: PNS

27
Q

Is accommodation autonomic mediated?

A

Oh hell yea

28
Q

The detruser muscle of the bladder is controlled by which division when it is relaxed?

A

Relaxed-sym

Contracted-PNS

29
Q

The internal sphincter of the bladder is controlled by what division?

A

Relaxed: PNS
Contracted:SYM

30
Q

Which division could we still live without if he had to?

A

Sympathetic

31
Q

What do afforestation sensory nerves do?

A

Carry information to appropriate region of the brain or hypothalamus

32
Q

What do efferent nerves do?

A

Carry responses to the target organ

33
Q

What nerve usually acts as the efferent nerve in the PNS?

A

Vagus

34
Q

What do baroreceptors do?

A

Sense a drop in blood pressure

35
Q

The SNS efferent response is carried along what nerve?

A

Thoracic nerves

36
Q

What is the mechanism for normalizing blood pressure?

A

Reduce PNS on the SA node and increase heart rate
Increase SNS on the SA node and increase heart rate
Increase adrenal release and increase heart rate

Physiology 1 (6 decks)

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