Lecture 5

Question 1

Treaty of Kangwha

Answer 1

1876. An unequal treaty forced on Korea that gave Japan many of the same rights America got from Japan in their unequal treaty - unhindered trade, extraterritoriality, etc.

Question 2

Sino-Japanese War

Answer 2

1894-95. Fought over influence in Korea. Japan’s Navy outclasses China due to its efforts to modernize. China’s fleet had more tonnage, but was outdated. The Chinese Navy wasn’t united, Southern Fleet declared neutrality.

Question 3

Li Hongzhang

Answer 3

Chinese politician, diplomat, and general. He was the chief negotiator for China at the Treaty of Shimonoseki, where he was wounded by an assassin. The fine was reduced to 200 million taels.

Question 4

Treaty of Shimonoseki

Answer 4

1895, April 17. China pays 200 million taels of silver. Korean independence from China, Taiwan, Pescadores Islands, Liaoning Province (returned after Triple Intervention of Germany, France, Russia.

Question 5

Black Flag Republic

Answer 5

Taiwanese resistance to Japanese military. Japan lost more troops in this than in the SIno-Japanese War.

Question 6

Boxer Uprising

Answer 6

1900. China declares war on The West. Boxers, who think they’re bulletproof, kill thousands of Chinese Christian converts. Eight foreign powers put down the uprising. Boxer Protocols turn Beijing (Peking) into a city controlled by foreign powers. China pays 450 million taels in reparations.

Question 7

Liaodong Peninsula

Answer 7

A piece of territory that caused the Triple Intervention and later the Russo-Japanese War, and returned to China following its conclusion.

Question 8

Anglo-Japanese Alliance

Answer 8

1902. Both agree to support the other if they become involved in a war with another power. This was meant to check Russian pacts with France.

Question 9

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 9

1904-05.

Question 10

Field Marshall Oyama

Answer 10

Sieged Port Arthur for six months, lost 20k troops - first time an Asian country defeats a European one.

Question 11

Mukden

Answer 11

Japan takes Mukden with underwhelming force against Russian troops - 250k vs. 350k. Loses 40k. West impressed.

Question 12

Russian Baltic Fleet.

Answer 12

Sailed 33,000km to support their Far Eastern Fleet. Sailed between the Tsushima Strait between Japanese Naval Bases on Korea and Japan - very risky. They were practically destroyed.

Question 13

Vladivostok

Answer 13

The home base of the Russian Pacific Fleet

Question 14

Admiral Togo

Answer 14

Commander in chief of the Combined Fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Russo-Japanese war.

Question 15

Treaty of Portsmouth

Answer 15

Sept 5, 1905. Mediated by Theodore Roosevelt. He won the Nobel Peace Prize. Russia recognizes Japan’s influence on Korea, leaves Manchuria. Russia doesn’t have to pay reparations. Japan gets a large bill. The war wasn’t profitable.

Question 16

Sakhalin Island

Answer 16

Ceded to Japan by Russia. Russia takes in back after WWII

Question 17

Hibiya Park rally and riot

Answer 17

Sept 5-8 1905. 30k people riot over terms of treaty. The country suffered much and gained nothing.

Question 18

Seiyikai Party

Answer 18

Friends of Constitutional Government. Founded by Ito Hirobumi in 1900. Most powerful party in the Diet from 1900-21.

Question 19

Annexation of Korea

Answer 19

August 29, 1910.

Question 20

Kojong

Answer 20

First Emperor of Korea. Forced to abdicate by Japan.

Question 21

Sunjong

Answer 21

Son of Kojong, second and final Korean Emperor. Imprisoned by Japan in Changdeokgung Palace.