Lecture 5 Flashcards
What were the findings of (a) Jan Baptista van Helmont (b) Joseph Priestly, (c) Jan Ingenhousz, (d) F.F. Blackman, (e) C.B. van Niel, or (f) Robin Hill regarding photosynthetic processes?
a. did the forefront of the experiment; he discovered that soil does not add mass to growing plants
b & c: trying to find what gases plants give off; the gas given off is oxygen
d: the energy from light powers the ability to make glucose in organic molecules in light dependent reactions and it powers the second step in light independent reactions
e: he discovered how plants give off oxygen. the way we get oxygen gas is because the way water molecules are split during photosynthesis
f: in order for a plant to grow it needs carbon fixation. you can take CO2 and through different processes glucose is produced which is an organic molecule and a solid; when you split water and have CO2 you can make glucose; turn a gas into a solid is carbon fixation
A _________________ is a particle of light which contains energy and the ____________ the wavelength, the greater its available energy. Fill in the blanks.
photon; shorter
A beam of light is able to remove electrons from certain molecules creating an electric current called a ____________________ and it occurs when photons transfer energy to electrons. Fill in the blank.
photoelectric effect
________________ is the range of efficiency of photons a molecule is capable of absorbing. Fill in the blanks.
electromagnetic spectrum
How do you know what colors on the visible light spectrum a plant is absorbing without running any type of experiment?
Plants will reflect any color they can’t absorb
Which pigment within most plants is considered the main pigment that can act directly to convert large quantities of light energy?
Chlorophyll a
Which statement explains the five hamburger theory which explains why this happens?
More sunlight means more food, but there is a point called saturation where shining more light on the plant doesn’t lead to a higher output.
Which statement explains the greedy hamburger theory which explains why this happens?
plants can absorb more light overall, not all of it gets absorbed at the surface, some of it can penetrate deeper into the leaf. Also prevents it from overheating.
Which statement explains the purple theory that has nothing to do with the hamburgers theory which explains why this happens?
Early life called halobacteria absorbed green and reflected red and blue, so it would’ve looked purple. So if this specific bacteria was absorbing all of the green light then another plant deeper in the ocean would have to adapt to no green light at all. It’s basically getting good at surviving with what you can get.
______________ are pigments which are not always highly efficient in transferring light (they prefer to absorb only blue wavelengths) and are also found in all three domains in life (usually as antioxidants in animals)
Carotenoids
Photosystems are composed of two closely linked components. Which statement accurately describes one of those components?
a. Antenna Complex: has hundred of pigment molecules like chlorophyll that gather the energy need and then sends it to the reaction center
b. Reaction Center: this is where energy will get pumped out of photosystem to a list of enzymes that’ll run the light dependent reactions especially
Which statement does describe a difference discussed in class between cyclic and noncyclic phosphorylation?
CP: 1 photosystem, no oxygen
NCP: 2 photosystems, produces oxygen
What is a similarity discussed in class between cyclic and noncyclic phosphorylation?
Both trying to produce ADP
Why does using two photosystems instead of one create an enhancement effect?
More thylakoids the higher the amount of energy, you can absorb within reason. So this basically says that if you want to absorb light with one system and then you go and absorb from 2 then the rate of photosynthesis will sky rocket.
