Lecture 40- Cerebellum Flashcards
What does damage to the cerebellum produce?
disturbances in range, direction and accuracy of movements (ataxia-loss of coordination of movements, dysmetria-faulty judgement of distance of movement)
What is the archicerebellum concerned with?
balance/vestibulation (anti-gravity extensors)
What is the archicerebellum also known as?
vestibulocerebellum
Which part of the cerebellum receives input from the vestibular nucleus and apparatus (archicerebellum)?
flocculo-nodular lobe
Where do cells of the flocculi-nodular lobe project?
fastigial nucleus
Where does the fastigial nucleus project?
vestibular nucleus and reticular formation (ICP)
What is the Paleospinocerebellum concerned with?
aka Spinocerebellum
concerned with postural reflexes
Where do the spinocerebellar tracts project?
to the anterior lobe of the cerebellum (and posterior vermis)
- Dorsal Spinocerebellar (ICP)
- Ventral Spinocerebellar (SCP)
Where does the anterior lobe of the cerebellum (spinocerebellar imput) project?
globose and eboliform nucleus
Where do the globose and eboliform nucleus project?
Red Nucleus
What are the fibers contained in the central tegmental tract that come from the red nucleus?
fibers that come from the red nucleus going to the inferior olivary nucleus (info about postural reflexes/muscle sense)
Where do olivocerebellar tracts project? How do they get there?
- Inf Olive–>Anterior lobe/Post Vermis of cerebellum
- Via ICP
What is contained within the Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
- afferent fibers from Ventral Spinocerebellar Tract
- Efferent fibers from globose and eboliform to the contralateral red nucleus
- Efferent fibers from dentate nucleus to the VA/VL of the thalamus (contralateral)
What is the Neocerebellum (Pontocerebellum/Posterior lobe) concerned with?
adjusting/smoothing ongoing movements
Where do the pontine nuclei project to?
contralateral posterior lobe of the cerebellum
Where does the posterior lobe of the cerebellum project
dentate nucleus
Where does the dentate nucleus project?
VA/VL of the thalamus (via the SCP)
What is dysmetria?
faulty judgement of distance in movement
What are the only excitatory cells of the cerebellum?
the granule cells
Where do granule cells send their axons?
to the molecular layer (most superficial layer)
What is the deepest layer of the cerebellum? What cells are found there?
Granule Cell layer
Excitatory Granule cells are found there (send their projects to the molecular cell layer)
What are the parallel fibers?
found in the molecular layer they are the axons of granule cells that run transversely
Do parallel fibers provide excitatory or inhibitory input?
-Excitatory input-axons of granule cells
List the 3 layers of the cerebellum from superficial to deep.
Molecular Layer
Purkinje Cell Layer
Granule Cell Layer
What are the principle projection neurons of the cerebellum? Are they excitatory or inhibitory?
Purkinje Cells-inhibitory
List the 5 cell types found in the cerebellum.
- Granule Cells
- Purkinje Cells
- Basket Cells
- Stellate Cells
- Golgi Cells
In what layer would you find the dendrites of the purkinje cells?
molecular layer
Which cells provide inhibitory input to the purkinje cells in the molecular layer?
Basket Cells
Stellate Cells
Which cells provide excitatory input to the purkinje cells in the molecular layer?
Granule Cells
What inputs do the purkinje cells receive in the molecular layer?
- Inhibitory-Basket and Stellate Cells
- excitatory-Granule Cells
Where is the Golgi Cell found?
border of granule cell layer and purkinje cell layer
Where do the mossy fibers of the cerebellum originate? Are they excitatory or inhibitory?
Mossy Fibers- Pontine Nuclei
- Vestibular N and apparatus - Excitatory
Where do the climbing fibers originate? Are they excitatory or inhibitory?
Climbing Fibers- Inferior Olive
-Excitatory
What are the three signals that the deep cerebellar nuclei receive?
- Inhibitory -from purkinje cells
- excitatory- from Mossy fibers (pontine and vestibular nuclei)
- excitatory- from Climbing fibers (inf. olive)
Which cell of the cerebellum does not synapse on the purkinje cell?
Golgi Cell
What are the four inputs that the purkinje cell receives?
- Excitatory- Climbing Fibers (Inf. Olive)
- Excitatiory- Granule Cell (which was excited by the mossy fiber from pontine and vest nuclei)
- Inhibitory- Stellate Cell
- Inhibitory- Basket Cell
What are the two inputs the the granule cell receives?
- Excitatory- from Mossy Fibers (pontine and vestibular nuclei)
- Inhibitory- from Golgi Cell
What does the Golgi Cell do?
inhibits the mossy fiber/granule cell excitatory synapse
