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Medical Neuroscience > Lecture 10- Spinal Cord 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 10- Spinal Cord 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

What are the 3 types of intra spinal/propriospinal fibers?

A

Comissural- Ant. White Commissure

Interspinal- Lissauer’s Tract
Intraspinal- Fasiculis Proprius

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1
Q

How do degenerating pathways present on a myelin stain?

A

Pale regions

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2
Q

What type of information is carried in Lissauer’s tract?

A

Pain and temperature

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3
Q

What is another name for an alpha motor neurons?

A

Anterior horn neurons

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4
Q

What is the difference between the Fasciculus cuneatus and Fasciculus gracilis?

A

Cuneatus- above T6- nucleus cuneatus to VPL

Gracilis- below T6- nucleus gracilis to VPL

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5
Q

Which sensory pathway is found in the anterior/ventral spinal cord?

A

Anterolateral system

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6
Q

List the 5 pathways that are a part of the anterolateral system.

A
  1. Neospinalthalamic tract
  2. Paleospinalthalamic tract
  3. Anterior Spinothalamic tract
  4. Spinomesencephalic tract
  5. Spinoreticular tract
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7
Q

What is the function of the dorsal column/medial lemniscus system?

A

Fine touch
Pressure
Vibration
Position

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8
Q

Where do fibers cross in the dorsal column system?

A

Cross at medulla to form medial lemniscus

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9
Q

Where is the VPL located?

A

Ventroposterolateral nucleus of thalamus

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10
Q

What are the functions of the 5 pathways of the anterolateral system?

A

4 pain

1 crude touch

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11
Q

Where do pain pathways cross the midline?

A

At spinal level through the anterior white Commissure

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12
Q

What is the function of the Neospinalthalamic tract?

A

fast Pain and temp

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13
Q

What tract carries crude touch information?

A

Anterior Spinothalamic tract

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14
Q

What does the dorsal spinocerebellar become above C8?

A

Cuneocerebellar tract

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15
Q

What is the ventral spinocerebellar tract know as above C8?

A

Rostral spinocerebellar

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16
Q

Where are the second order sensory neurons for the dorsal spinocerebellar tract below C8?

A

Nucleus Dorsalis of Clarke

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17
Q

Where are the second order sensory neuron for the cuneocerebellar tract (above C8)?

A

External cuneate nucleus (caudal medulla)

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18
Q

How does information from the dorsal and cuneocerebellar tracts cross into the cerebellum?

A

Via the inferior cerebellar peduncle

19
Q

How does information from the ventral and rostral cerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum?

A

Via the superior cerebellar peduncle

20
Q

Which of the ALS pathway can project bilaterally?

A

Anterior Spinothalamic tract

21
Q

Which of the spinocerebellar tracts crosses twice?

A

Ventral spinocerebellar tract

22
Q

Where are the second order neurons located for the ventral and rostral spinocerebellar tracts?

A

Spinal border cells (lamina V-VII)

23
Q

What is the function of the ventral/rostral spinocerebellar tract?

A

Info about entire limbs-muscle sense

24
Q

What is the function of the dorsal and cuneocerebellar tracts?

A

Individual muscle sense

25
Q

What is tabis dorsalis?

A

Cause by sphyllis-death of cells in dorsal column-loss of sensation in affected area

26
Q

Where do the lateral and anterior corticospinal tracts originate?

A

Motor and pre motor cortex in pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe

27
Q

Where is the pre-motor cortex? What pathways originate here?

A

Frontal lobe

Origination of the lateral and anterior corticospinal tracts

28
Q

Where do the fibers of the lateral corticospinal tract decussate?

A

Pyramidal decussation in the caudal medulla

30
Q

Where do they anterior corticospinal tract fibers decussate?

A

They cross at their target segment rather than in pyramids

31
Q

Where are the 3rd neurons of the paleospinothalmic (part of ALS) located? Where do they project?

A

intralaminar nucleus of the thalamus project to the cingulate cortex

32
Q

Which pathway terminates in the cinguate cortex?

A

Paleospinothalamic tract (part of ALS)- Dull pain

33
Q

How are the Neospinothalamic and Paleospinothalamic pathways different?

A

Neo- sharp, well localized pain, VPL-> somatosensory cortex

Paleo- dull, diffuse pain, intralaminar nucleus–> cingulate cortex

34
Q

What is polio?

A

a neurodegenerative disease of the anterior horn neurons

35
Q

What is Brown-Sequard syndrome? What does it result in?

A

Complete hemisection of spinal cord

-Results in loss of sensation on affected side and loss of motor ability on opposite side

36
Q

Where does the rubrospinal tract originate?

A

Red Nucleus of the midbrain

37
Q

Where do the fibers of the rubrospinal tract cross?

A

VTD- Ventral Tegmental Decussation in midbrain

38
Q

Which muscles does the rubrospinal tract preferentially affect?

A

muscles of distal flexor muscles

39
Q

What is the function of the raphespinal tract?

A

modulate pain in the spinal cord

40
Q

What is the tectospinal tract involved in?

A

moves head in response to visa stimuli

41
Q

Where does the tectospinal tract originate?

A

superior colliculus of the midbrain

42
Q

Which tract mediates posture and balance by acting on distal extensor muscles?

A

Lateral Vestibulospinal Tract

43
Q

Which spinal tract is involved in maintaining head position in response to vestibular information?

A

Medial Vestibulospinal Tract

44
Q

What is the Medial Vestibulospinal tract known as in the brainstem?

A

MLF- Median Longitudinal Fasiculus

45
Q

Where does the Medial Vestibulospinal Tract project to?

A

interneurons in lamina VIII and IX at the CERVICAL LEVELS

Medical Neuroscience (32 decks)

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