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VBSC 402W > Lecture 4: Trypanosomes > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Trypanosomes Flashcards

1
Q

Heteroxenous

A

Involving a vertebrate and an invertebrate host

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2
Q

Hemoflagellates

A

Living in the blood or fixed tissues of animals

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3
Q

Kinetoplast

A

A disk shaped mitochondrion compartment packed with kDNA

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4
Q

Maxicircles

A

Edited mRNAs that translate into mitochondrial

proteins (kDNA)

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5
Q

Minicircles

A

Encode guide RNA for RNA editing (kDNA)

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6
Q

Kinetosome (basal body)

A

Centriole where an axoneme arises

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7
Q

Glycocalyx

A

Surface coat made of glycoproteins

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8
Q

What is the disease transmission method of African Trypanosomiasis (African Sleeping Sickness?)

A

Salivaria

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9
Q

Salivaria

A

Trypanosomes that develop in the anterior parts of digestive tract of the vector are transmitted from the vector to the vertebrate host by injection
during blood feeding

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10
Q

What is the disease transmission method of American Trypanosomiasis?

A

Stercoraria

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11
Q

Stercoraria

A

Parasites develop in the hindgut of the vector and transmission of the parasites from the vector to the vertebrate host is through fecal contamination

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12
Q

Monoxenous

A

Development only in a single species (usually an arthropod).

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13
Q

Flagellar pocket

A

A depression on the parasite surface, where a flagellum arises

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14
Q

What is within the structure of a Trypanosome?

A
  1. Kinestome
  2. Flagellar Pocket
  3. Undulating Membrane
  4. Glycocalyx
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15
Q

What are the life stages of a Trypanosome?

A
  1. Amastigote
  2. Choanomastigote
  3. Promastigote
  4. Opisthomastigote
  5. Epimastigote
  6. Trypomastigote
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16
Q

How are the life stages of trypanosomes classified?

A

Depending on the shape, position of the kinetosome and kinetoplast, development of the flagellum, or shape of the flagellar pocket.

17
Q

What is the biological vector of African Trypanosomiasis?

A

The Tsetse Fly: Glossina spp.

18
Q

Trypomastigote Life Stage

A

kinetoplast and kinetosome at the posterior end, flagellum runs along the surface (typical of Trypanosoma in the blood stream and metacyclic form in the vector’s salivary gland).

19
Q

Epimastigote Life Stage

A

Kinetoplast and kinetosome are between the nucleus and anterior end, a short undulating membrane lies near the base of the flagellum (Trypanosoma development in tsetse midgut).

20
Q

Promastigote Life Stage

A

Body elongated, flagellum extending forward, kinetoplast and kinetosome in front of the nucleus, near anterior of the body (e.g., Leishmania in the sand fly).

21
Q

Amastigote Life Stage

A

Body round, flagellum very short (E.g., Leishmania development in vertebrate host).

VBSC 402W (7 decks)

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