Lecture 4-Superficial Face Flashcards
Name the 5 layers of the scalp from superficial to deep
Skin Dense CT Aponeurotic layer Loose CT Periosteum
Which layer of the scalp contains the occiptofrontalis muscle?
Aponeurotic (3rd) layer
What is the function of the occipitofrontalis muscle?
move scalp
wrinkle forhead
raise eyebrows
What branch of CN VII innervates the occiptofrontalis muscle?
posterior auricular branch of CN VII
What pharyngeal arch are the muscles of facial expression derived from?
Pharyngeal arch 2
What is the function of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
close the eyes
What is the function of the corrugator supercilii?
Draws eyebrows to midline
vertical wrinkles
What muscle creates vertical wrinkles between the eyebrows and is thus a common target for botox?
corrugator supercilii
What muscle creates horizontal wrinkles over the nose?
procerus
Which part of the nasalis muscle compresses the nares?
transverse part
What does the alar part of the naslis muscle do?
opens the nares
Name the lower group of oral muscles from medial to lateral
mentalis, depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris
What muscle protrudes the lower lip and is called the pouting muscle?
mentalis
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the face?
Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
What nerves provide sensory innervation to the posterior scalp?
Cervical Nerves:
- Great auricular
- lesser occipital
- greater occipital
- third occipital
What nerve is injured in Bell’s Palsy?
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
What does the facial artery terminate as at the medial corner of the orbit?
angular artery
Where does the transverse facial artery branch from?
maxillary artery
What are the two branches of the Internal Carotid artery that supply blood to the scalp?
Supratrochlear artery
Supra-orbital artery
What are the three branches of the external carotid artery that supply blood to the scalp?
Posterior auricular artery
Occipital artery
Superficial temporal artery
List the five branches (2 from ICA & 3 from ECA) that supply blood to the scalp?
Supratrochlear artery Supra-orbital artery Posterior auricular artery Occipital artery Superficial temporal artery
What is the largest salivary gland?
parotid gland
What three structures pass through the parotid gland?
Facial Nerve
External Carotid artery and branches
Retromandibular vein
What two veins join within the parotid gland to form the retromandibular vein?
superficial temporal and maxillary vein
What nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
Glossopharyngeal supplies pre-synaptic fibers that synapse in the otic ganglion and postsynaptic fivers leave in the auriculotemporal nerve
Where does the auriculotemporal nerve branch from?
V3-Mandibulary division of Trigeminal Nerve
What two nerves provide sensory innervation tot he parotid gland?
Great auricular (from cervical plexus) Aurifulotemporal Nerve (branch of V3)
What are the three ligaments that provide passive support to the TMJ?
Lateral ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Which ligament prevents lateral and postural dislocation of the mandible?
Lateral ligament
Which ligament is a thickening of the parotid capsule?
Stylomandibular ligament
Which ligament is a remnant of meckel’s cartilage?
Sphenomandibular ligament
What innervates the temporalis muscle?
deep temporal branches of trigeminal nerve (V3)
What innervates the masseter muscle?
masseteric branches of mandibular nerve (V3)
What innervates the lateral pterygoid?
lateral pterygoid nerve of the mandibular nerve (V3)
What innervates the medial pterygoid?
medial pterygoid nerve of the mandibular nerve (V3)
What parasympathetic ganglion is found in the infratemporal fossa?
otic ganglion
What muscles are found in the infratemporal fossa?
lateral and medial pterygoids
inferior portion of temporalis
