Lecture 4 - Principles Of Test Selection

Question 1

What are 5 objectives of test selection?

Answer 1

• Identify & explain reasons for performing fitness evaluations
• Understand testing terminology to communicate clearly
• Evaluate a test’s validity & reliability
• Select appropriate assessment methods
• Administer test protocols properly & safely

Question 2

How do you asses physical fitness components ?

Answer 2

• Provides a way to determine basic physical abilities that, in combination with technique training & exercise, can produce a healthier individual
• helps assess with areas in need of improvement
• Allows for specific goal setting & group or team objectives

Question 3

What does cut-off mean?

Answer 3

• a value set as a termination criteria or defining a classification range

Question 4

What does evaluation mean?

Answer 4

• The process of analyzing test results for the purpose of making decisions

Question 5

What is a field test?

Answer 5

• a test used to assess ability that is performed away from the laboratory & does not require extensive training or expensive equipment

Question 6

What is the health benefit rating (HBR)?

Answer 6

• categorizing a score into health benefit ranges (e.g., good)

Question 7

What is measurement?

Answer 7

• the process of collecting test data

Question 8

What is reliability?

Answer 8

• A measure of the degree of consistency or repeatability of a test
• Reliability of a test may differ between groups based on differences in physical or emotional maturity & skill level
• A test must be reliable to be valid, because highly variable results have little meaning

Question 9

What is a score?

Answer 9

• A numerical value recorded or calculated in relationship to assessment outcome

Question 10

What is validity?

Answer 10

• The degree to which a test or test item measures what it is supposed to measure
• One of the most important characteristics of testing

Question 11

What is construct validity?

Answer 11

• The ability of a test to represent the underlying construct

Question 12

What is face validity?

Answer 12

• The appearance to the athlete & other casual observers that the test measures what it is purported to measure

Question 13

What is content validity?

Answer 13

• The assessment by experts that the test covers all relevant subtopics or component abilities in appropriate proportions

Question 14

What is criterion-referenced validity?

Answer 14

• The extent to which test scores are associated with some other measure of the same ability

Question 15

What is concurrent validity?

Answer 15

• The extent to which test scores are associated with those of other accepted tests measuring the same ability

Question 16

What is predictive validity?

Answer 16

• The extent to which the test score corresponds with future performance or behaviour

Question 17

What is discriminant validity?

Answer 17

• The ability of a test to distinguish between two different constructs

Question 18

What is intrasubject variability?

Answer 18

• The lack of consistent performance by the person tested

Question 19

What is interrater reliability?

Answer 19

• The degree to which different raters agree; also referred to as objectivity or interrater agreement

Question 20

What is intrarater variability?

Answer 20

• the lack of consistent scores given by a tester

Question 21

What should you consider when selecting a test?

Answer 21

• Required area of HRF need for assessment
• Meet the metabolic energy demands of the individual (or specificity for sport)
• Biomechanical movement patterns & abilities of the client

Question 22

What are 3 main considerations when test selecting?

Answer 22

• experience & training status
• age & sex
• environmental factors

Question 23

Why do we consider an individuals experience & training status when test selecting?

Answer 23

• Consider the athlete’s ability to perform the technique
• Consider the athlete’s level of strength & endurance training

Question 24

Why do we consider an individuals age & sex when test selecting?

Answer 24

• both may affect the athletes experience, interest, & ability

Question 25

Why do we consider environmental factors when test selecting?

Answer 25

• High temperature & high humidity can impair performance, pose health risks, & lower the validity of aerobic endurance tests
• Altitude can impair performance on aerobic endurance tests, although not on tests of strength & power

Question 26

What are 6 things to consider when administering a test?

Answer 26

• health & safety considerations
  
  • be aware of testing conditions that can threaten the health
• selection & training of testers
  
  • provide testers with practice & training
• recording forms
  
  • prepare scoring forms to increase efficiency & reduce error
• test format
  
  • in groups or separate
• testing batteries & multiple testing trials
  
  • allow space for rest between tests
• sequence of tests
  
  • order of tests should be done to not affect performance

Question 27

What is aerobic capacity?

Answer 27

• Maximum rate at which an athlete can produce energy through oxidation of energy resources (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
• also called aerobic power

Question 28

What is muscular strength?

Answer 28

• the ability of a muscle or group to exert a maximum force for a single rep
• tested via 1RM

Question 29

What is muscular endurance?

Answer 29

• ability of a muscle or group to perform repeated contractions against a sub-maximal resistance

Question 30

What is flexibility?

Answer 30

• range of motion about a body joint

Question 31

What is balance & stability?

Answer 31

• Balance: The ability to maintain static & dynamic equilibrium
• Stability: The ability to return to a desired position following a disturbance to the system

Question 32

What is body composition?

Answer 32

• Relative proportions by weight of fat & lean tissue

Question 33

How can you maximize testing?

Answer 33

• conditions should be as similar as possible for all athletes tested & from test to retest of the same athlete
• Temperature & humidity, surface, and type of equipment should be consistent
• Athletes should not be tested when fatigued
• Warm-up for the tests should be standardized

Question 34

What is mean/median/mode?

Answer 34

• Mean: The average of the scores
• Median: The middlemost score when a set of scores is arranged in order of magnitude
• Mode: The score that occurs with the greatest frequency

Question 35

What is range/standard deviation?

Answer 35

• Range: The interval from the lowest to the highest score
• Standard deviation: A measure of the variability of a set of scores about the mean

Question 36

What is percentile rank?

Answer 36

• the percentage of test takers scoring below an individual

Question 37

What is inferential statistics ?

Answer 37

• Allow one to draw general conclusions about a population from information collected in a population sample
• Population sample must be representative

Question 38

What is magnitude statistics?

Answer 38

• the interpretation of the clinical significance of fitness testing

Question 39

What is smallest worthwhile change?

Answer 39

• the ability of a test to detect the smallest practically important change in performance

Question 40

What is effect size?

Answer 40

• a statistic used for calculating group performance following a training program or comparing between groups of athletes