Lecture 4: History, Theories & Methods Flashcards

1
Q

two distinctive features in cultural anthropology

A
  • Cross-cultural comparison
  • Ethnographic field research
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2
Q

ethnographic field research

A

Traditionally, process of becoming cultural anthropologist required field experience in another society.

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3
Q

ethnographic techniques

A

are participant observation, conversation, the genealogical method, detailed work with key consultants and in-depth interviewing

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4
Q

participant observations

A

ethnographers pay attention to and record the details of daily life (diary, establishing rapports, cannot be totally detached

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5
Q

conversation and interviewing

A

participation in local life means constantly talking to people and asking question (small talk, survey, interview schedule)

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6
Q

genealogical method

A

using diagrams and symbols to record kin connections (prominent building block in nonindustrial societies) / social network analysis

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7
Q

key informants

A

expert on a particular aspect of local life / people who can provide most useful or complete information

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8
Q

life histories

A

a personal portrait of someones life in a culture (reveals how people perceive, react and contribute to changes)

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9
Q

emic approach

A

internally oriented, investigates how members of society think

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10
Q

etic approach

A

externally oriented, emphasizes categories and interpretations

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11
Q

problem-oriented ethnography

A

specific problem to investigate (gather information on specific factors)

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12
Q

online ethnograph

A

Virtual research employs techniques similar to those used by other ethnographers

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13
Q

netnography

A

Anthropology of online communities

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14
Q

code of ethics

A

recognizes anthropologists have obligations to their scholarly field, to the wider society, and to the human species, other species, and the environment. Informed consent: agreement to take part in research—after having been informed about its nature, procedures, and possible impacts

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15
Q

association

A

observed relationship between two or more variables e.g. ethnicity and income

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16
Q

theory

A

a set of ideas formulated to explain something

17
Q

informed consent

A

agreement to take part in research—after having been informed about its nature, procedures, and possible impacts

18
Q

historical particularism

A

histories are not comparable; diverse paths can lead to same cultural result. Rejected comparative method of evolutionists

19
Q

functionalism

A

an approach focusing on the role of sociocultural practices in social systems

20
Q

interpretive anthroplogy

A

study of a culture as a system of meaning

21
Q

agency

A

actions that individuals take, both alone and in groups, in forming and transforming cultural identities

22
Q

practice theory

A

individuals in a society or culture have diverse motives and intentions and different degrees of power and influence; Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens

23
Q

synchronic

A

studying societies as they
exist today

24
Q

diachronic

A

studying societies across time