Lecture 4: GI Organs Part 1 Flashcards
What organs are part of the GI tract?
Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Colon Rectum Anal Canal
Where does the esophagus enter the stomach?
Cardiac orifice at level of T11
Where are the three points of esophageal constrictions?
- Superior: level of cricoid cartilage and juncture with pharynx - C6
- Middle: Crossed by aorta and left main bronchi
- Inferior: Diaphragmatic sphincter (where esophagus passes through diaphragm)
What is a para-esophageal hernia?
Peritoneum and fundus of stomach are anterior to stomach
What is a sliding hernia?
Cardia and fundus of stomach protrude through esophageal hiatus
What is a truncal vagotomy?
No vagus nerve supply to all of stomach and most of GI tract and liver
What is a proximal gastric vagotomy?
No vagus nerve supply to only stomach
What is a selective proximal vagotomy?
Denervate area of stomach where parietal cells are located
What are the four parts of the duodenum?
Superior part
Descending part: where gallbladder/liver dumps
Horizontal part
Ascending part
What part of the duodenum is considered intraperitoneal?
1st/Superior Part
The bile duct and accessory pancreatic duct combine and make what structure?
Hepatopancreatic Ampulla
What controls the hepatopancreatic duct?
Sphincter of Oddi
Contents from the hepatopancreatic duct will enter the duodenum via what?
Major duodenal papilla
What is the Ligament of Treitz?
Junction between duodenum and jejunum
What are the circular folds of the jejunum called?
Plicae circulares
-helps reabsorb nutrients
